Torque sensor magnetometer

1. A magnetometer assembly comprising:

a first magnetometer coil assembly including a first inner coil and a first outer coil both disposed about a common axis;

a second magnetometer coil assembly including a second inner coil and a second outer coil disposed about the common axis and spaced an axial distance apart from the first magnetometer coil assembly; and

a magnetometer circuit including a first circuit driving the first inner coil and the first outer coil and a second circuit driving the second inner coil and the second outer coil, wherein said first circuit drives said first magnetometer coil assembly independent of the second circuit that drives the second magnetometer coil assembly.

2. The assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the first magnetometer coil assembly includes the first outer coil disposed concentrically about the first inner coil and a first plurality of magnetically saturatable elements disposed parallel to the common axis between the first inner coil and the first outer coil, and the second magnetometer coil assembly includes the second outer coil disposed concentrically about the second inner coil and a second plurality of magnetically saturatable elements disposed parallel to the common axis between the second inner coil and the second outer coil.

3. The assembly as recited in claim 2 , wherein the first inner coil and the second inner coil generate a magnetic field disposed in a first direction and the first outer coil and the second outer coil generate a magnetic field disposed in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

4. The assembly as recited in claim 2 , including a bobbin onto which the first inner coil, the first outer coil, the second inner coil and the second outer coil are wound, wherein the bobbin includes a distinct axial subdivision separating the first inner and outer coils from the second inner and outer coils.

5. The assembly as recited in claim 2 , wherein the first and second pluralities of magnetically saturatable elements comprise a wire having a length much greater than a cross-sectional area.

6. The assembly as recited in claim 2 , wherein the first and second inner coils and the first and second outer coils coaxially encircle a magnetic region of a magnetoelastic device.

7. The assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of the first and second circuits include an independently adjustable gain.

8. The assembly as recited in claim 7 , wherein a gain of the first circuit is adjustable independent of a gain of the second circuit for accounting for common-mode signals.

9. A torque sensor assembly comprising:

a force-bearing element including a magnetoelastic material disposed about a common axis;

a coil assembly including a first inner coil and a second inner coil disposed about the common axis and separated axially, a first outer coil disposed concentrically about the first inner coil and a second outer coil disposed concentrically about the second inner coil, a first plurality of magnetically saturatable elements disposed parallel to the common axis between the first inner coil and the first outer coil, a second plurality of magnetically saturatable elements disposed parallel to the common axis between the second inner coil and the second outer coil; and

a magnetometer circuit including a first circuit driving the first inner and outer coil, and a second circuit driving the second inner and outer coils, wherein the first circuit drives the first inner and outer coils independent of the second circuit that drives the second inner and outer coils.

10. The assembly as recited in claim 9 , wherein the first circuit excites the first inner and outer coils generating a first magnetic field to magnetically saturate the first plurality of magnetically saturatable elements and the second circuit excites the second inner and outer coils generating a second magnetic field to magnetically saturate the second plurality of magnetically saturatable elements.

11. The assembly as recited in claim 10 , wherein the first inner coil generates a magnetic field substantially equal and opposite to a magnetic field generated by the first outer coil, and the second inner coil generates a magnetic field equal and opposite to a magnetic field generated by the second outer coil.

12. The assembly as recited in claim 11 , wherein each of the first circuit and the second circuits include an independently adjustable gain to compensate for interference caused by external magnetic fields.

13. The assembly as recited in claim 12 , wherein the first circuit and the second circuit are driven in quadrature.

14. A method of sensing torque with a torque sensor comprising the steps of:

a) generating a first magnetic field with a magnetoelastic material responsive to an application of force;

b) applying a first alternating current with a first circuit to a first coil assembly disposed concentrically about the magnetoelastic material to magnetically saturate a first plurality of magnetically saturatable elements;

c) applying a second alternating current with a second circuit independent of the first circuit to a second coil assembly disposed concentrically about the magnetoelastic material and spaced axial apart from the first coil assembly to magnetically saturate a second plurality of magnetically saturatable elements;

d) detecting a distortion of the generated magnetic field within the first coil assembly with the first circuit indicative of a magnitude and direction of the applied force; and

e) detecting a distortion of the generated magnetic field within the second coil assembly with the second circuit that is independent from the first circuit indicative of a magnitude and direction of the applied force.

15. The method as recited in claim 14 , including the step of detecting a voltage at an inner node electrically coupled to the first and second inner coils and at an outer node electrically coupled at the first and second outer coils, and determining a magnitude and direction based on the detected voltage.

16. The method as recited in claim 15 , including the step of feeding a signal indicative of the amplitude and direction of a waveform detected at each of the inner and outer nodes back to the first and second outer coil windings to create a magnetic field with the first and second outer coils opposing the first magnetic field generated by the magnetoelastic material.