Systems and methods for the dynamic range compression of multi-bearer single-carrier and multi-carrier waveforms
View Patent ↗The present invention is related to methods and apparatus that can advantageously reduce a peak to average signal level exhibited by single or by multicarrier multibearer waveforms. Embodiments of the invention further advantageously can manipulate the statistics of the waveform without expanding the spectral bandwidth of the allocated channels. Embodiments of the invention can be applied to either multiple carrier or single carrier systems to constrain an output signal within predetermined peak to average bounds. Advantageously, the techniques can be used to enhance the utilization of existing multicarrier RF transmitters, including those found in third generation cellular base stations. However, the peak to average power level managing techniques disclosed herein can apply to any band-limited communication system and any type of modulation. The techniques can apply to multiple signals and can apply to a wide variety of modulation schemes or combinations thereof.
1. A pulse-shaping circuit that reduces a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of input symbol streams including at least a first input symbol stream and a second input symbol stream, wherein the plurality of input symbol streams are eventually upconverted and combined to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of a large signal crest in the composite data stream, the pulse-shaping circuit comprising:
a plurality of pulse-shaping filters configured to pulse-shape the plurality of input symbol streams to form a corresponding plurality of baseband streams;
a plurality of multipliers configured to receive a plurality of input carrier streams and to upconvert the plurality of baseband streams to a plurality of upconverted streams;
a summing circuit that is configured to combine the upconverted streams to the composite signal; and
a delay circuit in at least a first data path, wherein the first data path is a path from an input symbol stream to the composite data stream, wherein the delay circuit is configured to delay data in the first data path by a fraction of a symbol period relative to data in a second data path to stagger symbols input symbols of the first data path relative to input symbols of the second data path.
2. A pulse-shaping circuit that reduces a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of input symbol streams including at least a first input symbol stream and a second input symbol stream, wherein the plurality of input symbol streams are eventually upconverted and combined to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of a large signal crest in the composite data stream, the pulse-shaping circuit comprising:
a plurality of pulse-shaping filters configured to pulse-shape the plurality of input symbol streams to form a corresponding plurality of baseband streams;
a plurality of multipliers configured to receive a plurality of input carrier streams and to upconvert the plurality of baseband streams to a plurality of upconverted streams;
a summing circuit that is configured to combine the upconverted streams to the composite signal; and
a delay circuit in at least a first data path, wherein the first data path is a path from an input symbol stream to the composite data stream, wherein the delay circuit is configured to delay data in the first data path by a fraction of a symbol period relative to data in a second data path, wherein the at least first data path comprises a plurality of data paths with delay circuits, wherein the delay circuits delay data in their respective data paths relative to data in the second data path with delays distributed approximately evenly through the symbol period.
3. The pulse-shaping circuit as defined in claim 1 , wherein the delay circuit in the first data path is configured to delay data between the first input symbol stream and the first pulse shaped filter.
4. A method of digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the method comprising:
receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams such that symbols of the second data stream are staggered relative to symbols of the first data stream; and
pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.
5. A method of digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the method comprising:
receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams includes the first data stream and other data streams, wherein the fraction of the symbol period from which the other data streams are delayed relative to the first data stream substantially evenly through the symbol period; and
pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.
6. A method of digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the method comprising:
receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams includes “N” data streams, wherein the fraction of the symbol period from a data stream other than the first data stream is delayed relative to the first data stream by about a fraction of time equal to a multiple of the symbol period divided by N, so that the data streams other than the first data stream are substantially evenly delayed through the symbol period; and
pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.
7. An apparatus for digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
means for delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams such that symbols of the second data stream are staggered relative to symbols of the first data stream; and
means for pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.
8. An apparatus for digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
means for delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams includes the first data stream and other data streams, wherein the fraction of the symbol period from which the other data streams are delayed relative to the first data stream substantially evenly through the symbol period; and
means for pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.
9. An apparatus for digitally reducing a probability of an alignment in amplitude and phase of similar symbols in a plurality of data streams, the apparatus comprising:
means for receiving the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams include at least a first data stream and a second data stream;
means for delaying the second data stream relative to the first data stream by a fraction of a symbol period prior to the eventual combining of the plurality of data streams, wherein the plurality of data streams includes “N” data streams, wherein the fraction of the symbol period from a data stream other than the first data stream is delayed relative to the first data stream by about a fraction of time equal to a multiple of the symbol period divided by N, so that the data streams other than the first data stream are substantially evenly delayed through the symbol period; and
means for pulse-shaping, upconverting, and combining the plurality of data streams to a composite data stream such that a reduction in the probability of the alignment reduces a probability of large signal crest in the composite data stream.