Mirror with a mirror carrier and projection exposure apparatus

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a mirror carrier having at least one cooling channel, the mirror carrier comprising a crystalline material;

a tube connection comprising a metallic material, the tube connection being configured to be capable of connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet of coolant or an outlet of coolant, and the tube connection having an external thread screwed into a corresponding thread hole in the mirror carrier; and

a sealing element configured to be capable of providing a gas-tight and liquid-tight seal, the sealing element being arranged between the tube connection and the mirror carrier.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the external threads of the tube connection comprise a material that is softer than the material of the tube connections.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the tube connection has a flange and at least two sealing rings that are arranged at a distance from one another in the flange.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a venting ring channel is arranged between the two sealing rings.

5. An apparatus, comprising:

a light source; and

a projection objective configured to be used in EUV lithography, the projection objective comprising:

mirrors,

a mirror carrier configured to be used with one of the mirrors;

first and second tube connections; and

first and second sealing elements,

wherein:

the mirror carrier is configured as a cooling device with at least one cooling channel;

the first tube connection is configured to be capable of connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet of coolant;

the second tube connection is configured to be capable of connection the at least one cooling channel to an outlet of coolant;

the first sealing element is configured to be capable of providing a gas-tight and liquid-tight seal between the first tube connection and the mirror carrier;

the second sealing element is configured to be capable of providing a gas-tight and liquid-tight seal between the second tube connection and the mirror carrier; and

the apparatus is a projection exposure apparatus.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the mirror carrier comprises crystalline material, and the first and second tube connections comprise a metallic material.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the first and second tube connections each has an external thread screwed into a corresponding threaded hole in the mirror carrier.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the external threads of the first tube connection comprises a material that is softer than the material of the first tube connection.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein the soft material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of gold, indium and silver.

10. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein:

the first tube connection has a flange and at least two sealing rings arranged at a distance from one another in the flange of the first tube connection; and

the second tube connection has a flange and at least two sealing rings arranged at a distance from one another in the flange of the second tube connection.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a venting ring channel is arranged between the two sealing rings of the first tube connection.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the venting ring channel is provided with at least one venting hole.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12 , further comprising an extraction device, wherein the at least one venting hole is connected to the extraction device.

14. An apparatus, comprising:

a non-metallic mirror carrier having at least one thread; and

a metallic connecting element that engages into the at least one thread via a counterthread,

wherein at least the thread or the counterthread is coated with a soft metal.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the mirror carrier comprises a crystalline material.

16. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the mirror carrier has a monolithically formed mirror surface.

17. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the thread merges into a cooling channel.

18. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the non-metallic mirror carrier comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a glass, a glass ceramic and ULE.

19. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the crystalline material is a semiconductor material.

20. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the metallic connecting element comprises a material selected from the group consisting of copper, steel, and aluminium.

21. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the soft metal comprises a metal selected form the group consisting of copper and indium.

22. An apparatus, comprising:

a mirror carrier with at least one cooling channel;

a tube connection comprising a metallic material configured to be capable of connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet of coolant or an outlet of coolant; and

solder having a low melting point, the solder connecting the first tube connection to the mirror carrier.

23. An apparatus, comprising:

a mirror carrier with at least one cooling channel; and

a tube connection configured to be capable of connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet of coolant or an outlet of coolant, the tube connection being surrounded by cutouts for stress relief at least in regions in the vicinity of its periphery.

24. An apparatus, comprising:

a mirror carrier with at least one cooling channel; and

a tube connection configured to be capable of connecting the at least one cooling channel to an inlet of coolant or an outlet of coolant, at least one part of the tube connection projecting into the mirror carrier and having a mechanism for stress relief.

25. An apparatus, comprising:

a mirror configured to be used in an EUV projection exposure apparatus;

a non-metallic mirror carrier with at least one cooling channel, the non-metallic mirror carrier comprising a first material;

a tube connection comprising a second material different from the first material,

wherein the tube connection is connected to the non-metallic mirror carrier via a connection that is high-vacuum-tight and radiation-resistant to light in the wavelength range of from 1 nm to 100 nm.

26. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.

27. The apparatus of claim 14 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.

28. The apparatus of claim 22 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.

29. The apparatus of claim 23 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.

30. The apparatus of claim 24 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.

31. The apparatus of claim 25 , further comprising a mirror, wherein the mirror carrier carries the mirror.