Conductive line comprising a capping layer
View Patent ↗An integrated circuit includes a conductive line, the conductive line having a conductive layer made of a metal or a first compound including a metal and a capping layer made of a second compound comprising the metal, the capping layer being in contact with the conductive layer, the first compound being different from the second compound.
1. A method of forming an integrated circuit, comprising:
forming a groove in a supporting material;
forming a titanium nitride liner layer in the groove;
forming a first compound comprising a metal on the liner layer in the groove;
removing a portion of the liner layer and the first metal compound corresponding to an upper portion of the groove, wherein the liner layer and the first metal compound remain in a lower portion of the groove;
forming a capping layer on the first metal compound in the groove, wherein the capping layer comprises a second compound of the metal, the second compound being different than the first metal compound, and
removing any residue of the titanium nitride liner layer on sidewalls of the groove in the upper portion thereof, wherein the first metal compound protected by the second metal compound during the residue removal.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the capping layer, thereby exposing the first metal compound in the lower portion of the trench.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the supporting material comprises a semiconductor body, the method further comprising forming an insulating layer in the groove before forming the liner layer, wherein the liner layer is conductive.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming a sacrificial layer on sidewalls of the upper portion of the groove and over the first metal compound prior to forming the capping layer over the first metal compound.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the sacrificial layer comprises a silicon layer, and wherein forming the capping layer comprises performing a thermal process, thereby causing a portion of the first metal compound to react with the silicon layer thereover to form the second metal compound.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
bringing the first compound into contact with a sacrificial material; and
reacting the first compound with the sacrificial material.
7. An integrated circuit, formed by the process of:
forming a groove in a supporting material comprising a semiconductor body;
forming a dielectric layer in the groove;
forming a titanium nitride liner layer on the dielectric layer in the groove;
forming a first metal compound on the liner layer in the groove;
removing a portion of the liner layer and the first metal compound corresponding to an upper portion of the groove, wherein the liner layer and the first metal compound remain in a lower portion of the groove;
forming a capping layer on the first metal compound in the groove, wherein the capping layer comprises a second metal compound that is different than the first metal compound; and
removing any residue of the titanium nitride liner layer on sidewalls of the groove in the upper portion thereof, wherein the first metal compound is protected by the second metal compound during the residue removal.
8. The integrated circuit of claim 7 , further formed by the process of removing the capping layer, thereby exposing the first metal compound in the lower portion of the trench.
9. The integrated circuit of claim 7 , further comprising a sacrificial layer formed by the process of forming a sacrificial layer on sidewalls of the upper portion of the groove and over the first metal compound prior to forming the capping layer over the first metal compound.
10. The integrated circuit of claim 7 , wherein the sacrificial layer comprises a silicon layer, and wherein the capping layer is formed by the process of performing a thermal process, thereby causing a portion of the first metal compound to react with the silicon layer thereover to form the second metal compound.
11. The integrated circuit of claim 7 , further comprising source/drain regions in the semiconductor body on opposing sides of the groove, thereby forming a transistor and defining a bent shaped cross-section of a channel therebetween in the semiconductor body along the groove.
12. The integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein the first metal compound comprises tungsten.
13. The integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein the transistor comprises an access transistor in a DRAM memory array, wherein a conductive wordline couples to the gate electrode residing in the groove.
14. The integrated circuit of claim 11 , wherein the conductive wordline comprises a buried wordline residing in the groove, wherein the groove extends longitudinally in a wordline direction and couples to a plurality of different gate electrodes of different DRAM memory cells along the wordline direction, wherein the different access transistors along the wordline direction have source/drain regions isolated from one another.