Harmonic torque ripple reduction at low motor speeds
Methods and systems are provided for reducing torque ripple in an electric motor. A method comprises receiving a torque command and determining a cancellation current command based on the torque command. The method further comprises generating a harmonic cancellation command based on the cancellation current command, wherein the harmonic cancellation command compensates for a phase shift and an attenuation introduced by a current regulated control module coupled to an inverter coupled to the electric motor. The method further comprises providing the harmonic cancellation command to the current regulated control module, wherein the current regulated control module is configured to control the inverter in response to the harmonic cancellation command and the torque command.
1. A method for reducing torque ripple in an electric motor for use in an electric motor drive system for a vehicle, wherein the electric motor is coupled to an inverter, which is coupled to a current regulated control module, wherein the inverter is configured to drive the electric motor, the method comprising:
receiving a torque command;
determining a cancellation current command based on the torque command;
generating a harmonic cancellation command based on the cancellation current command, wherein the harmonic cancellation command is generated to compensate for a phase shift and an attenuation introduced by the current regulated control module; and
providing the harmonic cancellation command to the current regulated control module, wherein the current regulated control module is configured to control the inverter in response to the harmonic cancellation command and the torque command.
2. The method of claim 1 , the electric motor having an electrical angular velocity and a motor speed and including a rotor having a position, wherein generating the harmonic cancellation command further comprises:
identifying a first ripple harmonic, the first ripple harmonic representing a multiple of a fundamental electrical frequency of the electric motor;
modifying a phase angle of the cancellation current command based on the first ripple harmonic, the electrical angular velocity, and the position of the rotor; and
modifying a magnitude of the cancellation current command based on the electrical angular velocity and the first ripple harmonic.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein modifying the phase angle further comprises adding a compensating phase shift governed by
H
×
θ
r
+
tan
-
1
(
H
·
ω
e
ω
bw
)
,
wherein H is the first ripple harmonic, θ r is the position of the rotor, ω e is the electrical angular velocity, and ω bw is a bandwidth of the current regulated control module.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein modifying the magnitude further comprises multiplying the magnitude by
1
+
(
H
·
ω
e
ω
bw
)
2
,
wherein H is the first ripple harmonic, ω e is the electrical angular velocity, and ω bw is the bandwidth of the current regulated control module.
5. The method of claim 2 , further comprising disabling the harmonic cancellation command if the motor speed is greater than a threshold speed.
6. A method for reducing torque ripple in an electric motor in response to a torque command, wherein the electric motor is coupled to an inverter, which is coupled to a current regulated control module, wherein the inverter is configured to drive the electric motor, the method comprising:
determining a harmonic cancellation command based on the torque command, wherein the harmonic cancellation command is adjusted to compensate for a phase shift introduced by the current regulated control module; and
providing the harmonic cancellation command to the current regulated control module.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein determining the harmonic cancellation command further comprises:
determining a cancellation current command based on the torque command, wherein the cancellation current command is a polar quantity having a magnitude and a cancellation phase angle; and
identifying a first ripple harmonic, the first ripple harmonic representing a multiple of a fundamental electrical frequency of the electric motor, wherein the harmonic cancellation command is determined based on the cancellation current command and the first ripple harmonic.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the electric motor further includes a rotor having a position, wherein determining the harmonic cancellation command further comprises:
generating a harmonic phase angle based on the first ripple harmonic and the position of the rotor;
generating a compensating phase shift based on the first ripple harmonic, an electrical angular velocity of the electric motor and a bandwidth of the current regulated control module; and
adding the harmonic phase angle, the compensating phase shift, and the cancellation phase angle to create a harmonic cancellation phase angle.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein generating the harmonic phase angle is governed by H×θ r , wherein H is the first ripple harmonic, and θ r is the position of the rotor.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein generating the compensating phase shift is governed by
tan
-
1
(
H
·
ω
e
ω
bw
)
,
wherein H is the first ripple harmonic, ω e is the electrical angular velocity, and ω bw is the bandwidth of the current regulated control module.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein determining the harmonic cancellation command further comprises generating an adjusted magnitude based on the first ripple harmonic, an electrical angular velocity of the electric motor, and a bandwidth of the current regulated control module.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein generating the adjusted magnitude further comprises multiplying the magnitude by
1
+
(
H
·
ω
e
ω
bw
)
2
,
wherein H is the first ripple harmonic, ω e is the electrical angular velocity, and ω bw is the bandwidth of the current regulated control module.
13. The method of claim 7 , wherein determining the cancellation current command based on the torque command further comprises obtaining the cancellation current command from a lookup table, the lookup table having stored therein a plurality of current cancellation commands based on characteristics of the electric motor, the plurality of current cancellation commands corresponding to a plurality of possible torque commands.
14. The method of claim 7 , wherein determining the cancellation current command based on the torque command further comprises performing a polynomial curve fitting operation on the torque command, wherein the polynomial curve fitting operation is based on characteristics of the electric motor.
15. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
identifying a second ripple harmonic, the second ripple harmonic representing a second multiple of the fundamental electrical frequency;
determining a second harmonic cancellation command based on the cancellation current command and the second ripple harmonic; and
providing the second harmonic cancellation command to the current regulated control module.
16. The method of claim 7 , wherein identifying the first ripple harmonic further comprises selecting an integer multiple of the fundamental electrical frequency, the integer multiple representing a harmonic of the fundamental electrical frequency that causes torque ripple.
17. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:
converting the harmonic cancellation command to a rectangular coordinate command; and
providing the rectangular coordinate command to the current regulated control module.
18. The method of claim 6 , wherein the electric motor has a motor speed, and the method further comprises disabling the harmonic cancellation command if the motor speed is greater than a threshold speed by modifying a magnitude of the harmonic cancellation command by a scaling factor based on the motor speed such that the magnitude is reduced to zero when the motor speed reaches the threshold speed.
19. A controller for reducing torque ripple in an electric motor in response to a torque command, the electric motor being coupled to an inverter, the controller comprising:
a current regulated control module, wherein the current regulated control module generates control signals for the inverter in response to the torque command; and
a harmonic cancellation command block coupled to the current regulated control module, the harmonic cancellation command block being configured to generate a harmonic cancellation command for the current regulated control module to reduce a torque ripple harmonic, wherein the harmonic cancellation command is generated to compensate for a phase shift introduced by the current regulated control module.
20. The controller of claim 19 , further comprising a deactivation block configured to disable the harmonic cancellation command if the speed of the electric motor is greater than a threshold speed.