Composite tubing
The present disclosure is directed to embodiments of composite tubing having properties tailored to meet a wide variety of environmental and working conditions. Composite tubes disclosed herein may include one or more of the following layers: a internal liner, a composite layer, a thermal insulation layer, a crush resistant layer, a permeation barrier, buoyancy control layer, a pressure barrier layer, and a wear resistant layer. Grooves may be provided in one or more layers of the composite tube to provide increased axial permeability to the composite tube. A venting system, including vent paths, may be provided in the composite tube to vent fluid that may become trapped within the wall of the composite tube.
1. A composite tube comprising:
a substantially fluid impervious layer, wherein the substantially fluid impervious layer comprises a surface having grooves formed thereon to facilitate a bond between the substantially fluid impervious layer and at least one other layer of the composite tube, wherein the bond is adapted to restrict longitudinal movement between the substantially fluid impervious layer and the at least one other layer;
a composite layer of fibers embedded in a first matrix, wherein the composite layer is formed of a first set of fibers embedded in the matrix and at least 80%, by fiber volume, of the fibers of the first set of fibers are helically oriented relative to a longitudinal axis of the composite tube at an angle of between ±30° and ±70°, and
a thermal insulation layer formed at least partially of a material different from the first matrix selected to maintain a fluid carried within the composite tube within a predetermined temperature range, wherein the thermal insulation layer is formed at least partially of a foamed thermoset material or a foamed thermoplastic material.
2. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the thermal insulation layer is disposed external to the composite layer.
3. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the thermal insulation layer extends continuously along a complete length of the composite tube.
4. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the foamed thermoset material and the foamed thermoplastic material is at least one of epoxy, urethane, phenolic, vinylester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, and nylon.
5. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the first matrix is formed at least partially of a thermoplastic material having a tensile modulus of elasticity of at least 250,000 psi, a maximum tensile elongation of greater than or equal to 5%, and a melt temperature of at least 250° F.
6. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the first matrix is formed at least partially of a thermoset material having a tensile modulus of elasticity of at least 250,000 psi, a maximum tensile elongation of greater than or equal to 5%, and a glass transition temperature of at least 180° F.
7. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the substantially fluid impervious layer is formed at least partially of a thermoplastic polymer having a mechanical elongation of at least 25% and a melt temperature of at least 250° F.
8. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the substantially fluid impervious layer is formed at least partially of a metallic material.
9. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the bond comprises at least one of a chemical bond and a mechanical bond.
10. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the composite layer and the thermal insulation layer is bonded to the substantially fluid impervious layer.
11. The composite tube of claim 1 further comprising a second matrix disposed within the grooves.
12. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the grooves are helically oriented relative to a longitudinal axis of the composite tube.
13. The composite tube of claim 1 further comprising an external layer surrounding the substantially fluid impervious layer, the composite layer, and the thermal insulation layer, wherein the external layer is unbonded to and free to move longitudinally relative to the substantially fluid impervious layer, the composite layer, and the thermal insulation layer.
14. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the external layer comprises at least one of a wear resistant layer, a pressure barrier layer, and an additional composite layer.
15. The composite tube of claim 1 , wherein the thermal insulation layer is disposed between the composite layer and the substantially fluid impervious layer.