Use of nitrite salts for the treatment of cardiovascular conditions
It has been surprisingly discovered that administration of nitrite to subjects causes a reduction in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to tissues. The effect is particularly beneficial, for example, to tissues in regions of low oxygen tension. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate a subject's blood pressure and blood flow, for example, by the administration of nitrite salts. Provided herein are methods of administering a pharmaceutically-acceptable nitrite salt to a subject, for treating, preventing or ameliorating a condition selected from: (a) ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., hepatic or cardiac or brain ischemia-reperfusion injury); (b) pulmonary hypertension (e.g., neonatal pulmonary hypertension); or (c) cerebral artery vasospasm.
1. A method for treating cerebral artery vasospasm in a subject, comprising injecting a therapeutically effective amount of non-acidified sodium nitrite to said subject whereby the non-acidified sodium nitrite contacts blood in the subject, wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of about 0.6 to 240 μM, thereby treating cerebral artery vasospasm in the subject.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered by intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, or subcutaneous injection.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered by intravenous injection.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered at a rate of about 45 to 60 mg/kg per day.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered in combination with at least one additional agent.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-acidified sodium nitrite is administered to the subject in an amount and for a sufficient period of time to reach a circulating concentration in blood of the subject of no more than about 25 μM, no more than about 20 μM, or no more than about 16 μM, thereby treating or ameliorating cerebral artery vasospasm in the subject.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of 10 to 60 μM.
9. A method of treating cerebral artery vasospasm in a subject, comprising injecting a therapeutically effective amount of non-acidified sodium nitrite to said subject whereby the non-acidified sodium nitrite contacts blood in the subject, wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of no more than about 100 μM, thereby treating cerebral artery vasospasm in the subject.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of no more than about 50 μM.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of no more than about 20 μM.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered to a circulating concentration of no more than about 16 μM.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered by intravenous, intramuscular, intraocular, intraperitoneal, intraarterial or subcutaneous injection.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered by intravenous injection.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered at a rate of about 45 to 60 mg/kg per day.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sodium nitrite is administered in combination with at least one additional agent.
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein the subject is a human.