Enhanced conductors
Disclosed examples of electrode structures and methods of manufacture thereof may provide one or more advantages relating to enhanced conductivity, for example, while providing optically clear conductors.
1. A touch sensitive screen comprising:
an insulating substrate;
conductive micro scale traces provided across an area of the substrate; and
a layer of conductive material patterned to form electrodes for touch sensing, the conductive material of each electrode contacting a plurality of the conductive micro scale traces, the conductive micro scale traces provided across the area of the substrate being between the substrate and the layer of conductive material patterned to form electrodes for touch sensing,
wherein:
the conductive micro scale traces are more conductive than the conductive material;
the conductive micro scale traces have a length less than a gap between adjacent electrodes; and
one or more of the conductive micro scale traces extends from the conductive material of one of the adjacent electrodes into the gap between the adjacent electrodes.
2. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second insulating substrate provided adjacent the layer of conductive material;
second conductive micro scale traces provided across an area of the second substrate; and
a second layer of conductive material, wherein the second layer of conductive material is patterned to form second electrodes and the conductive material of each second electrode contacts a plurality of the second conductive micro scale traces.
3. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces are aligned in the direction of the electrodes.
4. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces do not contact one another.
5. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive material comprises an optically clear conductive material.
6. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive material comprises a conductive polymer.
7. The touch sensitive screen of claim 6 , wherein the conductive polymer comprises Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT).
8. The touch sensitive screen of claim 6 , wherein the conductive polymer comprises indium tin oxide (ITO).
9. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces comprise one or more of the following:
silver;
gold;
and copper.
10. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces are substantially invisible to the human eye.
11. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces have a width of no more than 15 μm.
12. The touch sensitive screen of claim 11 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces have a line width of at least 5 μm.
13. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces have a length of no more than 100 μm.
14. The touch sensitive screen of claim 13 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces have a length of at least 20 μm.
15. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces have one or more of substantially the same length and line width.
16. The touch sensitive screen of claim 1 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces are provided on the substrate in the area and covered with the conductive material.
17. A process for producing conductive electrodes, comprising the steps of:
printing conductive micro scale traces onto a substrate; and
printing a conductive material over the substrate and the conductive micro scale traces in a pattern to form the conductive electrodes, the conductive material of each electrode contacting a plurality of the conductive micro scale traces, the conductive micro scale traces provided across the area of the substrate being between the substrate and the layer of conductive material patterned to form electrodes for touch sensing,
wherein:
the conductive micro scale traces are more conductive than the conductive material; and
the conductive micro scale traces have a length less than a gap between adjacent electrodes; and
one or more of the conductive micro scale traces extends from the conductive material of one of the adjacent electrodes into the gap between the adjacent electrodes.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces are provided across the entire area of the substrate.
19. The process of claim 17 , wherein the conductive micro scale traces are provided in a predetermined pattern on the substrate.
20. The process of claim 17 , wherein the conductive material is provided in a predetermined pattern of first electrodes and second electrodes across the substrate.
21. A process for producing conductive electrodes, comprising the steps of:
printing a conductive material over a substrate in a pattern for the electrodes; and
printing conductive micro scale traces over the substrate, including a plurality of the micro scale traces on the conductive material for each of the electrodes, wherein:
the conductive micro scale traces are more conductive than the conductive material;
the conductive micro scale traces have a length less than a gap between adjacent electrodes; and
one or more of the conductive micro scale traces extends from the conductive material of one of the adjacent electrodes into the gap between the adjacent electrodes.