Epoxy systems and amine polymer systems and methods for making the same
View Patent ↗Compositions and methods for forming surfactants, aqueous dispersions, and curing agents are provided. In one aspect, the invention relates to improved epoxy functional surfactants prepared by reaction of an epoxy composition and an amidoamine composition formed from a blend of acid-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyols. The improved epoxy functional surfactants may be reacted with an excess of epoxy composition and water to result in an aqueous dispersion. The amidoamone composition may be a reaction mixture of a diamine compound and an acid terminated polyoxyalkylene composition formed from two or more polyoxyalkylene polyol compounds. The epoxy functional surfactant may be reacted with amine compounds to form a compound suitable as a curing agent.
1. An epoxy composition, comprising a reaction product prepared by reacting:
an epoxy component having a functionality greater than one epoxide per molecule; and
a polyamidoamine composition, wherein the polyamidoamine composition is an amidoamine reaction product prepared by reacting:
an acid terminated polyoxyalkylene composition of two or more acid terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol compounds, wherein the acid terminated polyoxyalkylene composition having a polydispersity of 1.1 or greater and the two or more acid terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol compounds have from about 50% to about 100% of carboxylic end groups oxidized from hydroxyl end groups; and
a diamine compound comprising a first amine substituent group of a primary amine substituent group and a second amine substituent group of a primary amine substituent group or a secondary amine substituent group, wherein the polyamidoamine composition comprises a polyamidoamine compound having the formula of:
wherein each of R 1 and R 2 comprises a hydrogen atom or a substituent group selected from the group consisting of a branched or linear aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic substituent group and combinations thereof, having 1 to 21 carbon atoms, with at least one of R 1 and R 2 comprising a hydrogen atom, R 3 is a divalent hydrocarbon substituent group selected from the group consisting of a branched or linear aliphatic, a cycloaliphatic, an aromatic substituent group, and combinations thereof, having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, n is an average number from about 18 to about 500, X is a hydrogen atom or a substituent group selected from the group consisting of a methyl substituent, an ethyl substituent, a hydroxymethyl substituent group, and combinations thereof, and Y is a hydrogen atom or a substituent group selected from the group consisting of a methyl substituent, an ethyl substituent, a hydroxymethyl substituent group, and combinations thereof.
2. The epoxy composition of claim 1 , wherein the epoxy component comprises an epoxy resin or a mixture of an epoxy resin and a phenolic compound.
3. The epoxy composition of claim 1 , wherein the reaction product comprises an epoxy-functional surfactant having the structure:
wherein m is from 1 to 11, n is from 1 to 3, q is from 0 to 8, each p is from about 18 to about 500, X is a hydrogen atom, a methyl substituent, an ethyl substituent, a hydroxymethyl substituent group, or combinations thereof, and each Y is a hydrogen atom, a methyl substituent, an ethyl substituent, a hydroxymethyl substituent group, or combinations thereof, and R 17 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, and combinations thereof.
4. The epoxy composition of claim 3 , wherein the reaction product of the epoxy component and the polyamidoamine composition comprises an epoxy-functional surfactant having the structure:
wherein m is from 1 to 3, n is about 1.2, q is from about 1.9 to about 2.3, and each p is from about 81 to about 210, X is a hydrogen atom or a methyl substituent group, each Y is a hydrogen atom or a methyl substituent group, and R 17 may be a tertiary acyl group.
5. The epoxy composition of claim 1 , wherein the diamine compound is provided at a stoichiometric excess of amine substituent groups to acid substituent groups of the acid terminated polyoxyalkylene composition.
6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising reacting the polyamidoamine composition with a monoepoxy compound.
7. The epoxy composition of claim 1 , wherein each of the two or more acid terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol compounds are reacted separately with the diamine compound and then intermixed to form the polyamidoamine composition.
8. The epoxy composition of claim 3 , wherein the epoxy-functional surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant.
9. The epoxy composition of claim 1 , wherein the epoxy component is present in an amount to provide a stoichiometric excess or equivalent excess of epoxy groups to the amine groups of the polyamidoamine composition, and the epoxy composition further comprises water to form an aqueous epoxy resin dispersion.
10. The epoxy composition of claim 9 , wherein the reaction product comprises an epoxy-functional surfactant and the epoxy-functional surfactant comprises from about 1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % of the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion.
11. The epoxy composition of claim 9 wherein the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion comprises a change in viscosity from about 0 cps to less than 10,000 cps at 15 months or greater.
12. The epoxy composition of claim 9 , wherein the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion comprises a particle size from about 0.2 to about 1.2 μm.
13. The epoxy composition of claim 9 , wherein the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion comprises a change in pH from about 0 to about 3 at a period of time to double viscosity or exceed 6000 cps.
14. The epoxy composition of claim 9 , wherein the polyamidoamine composition comprises 6 wt. % or less of the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion.
15. A thermoset coating comprising the epoxy composition of claim 1 .
16. A fiber sizing comprising the epoxy composition of claim 1 .