Animal litters
View Patent ↗Animal litters and methods of making and using such litters are disclosed herein. The animal litters comprise (a) a plurality of absorbent particles comprising (i) a non-swelling particle and (ii) a clumping material coated on the non-swelling particle and (b) a plurality of one or more filler particles that are not associated with the absorbent particles. The filler particles provide additional functionality to the litters, e.g., controlling odor, absorbing moisture, releasing fragrance, controlling microorganisms, controlling dust, reducing density, reducing weight, and combinations thereof. The litters are made by producing the absorbent particles using conventional means and combining the absorbent particles with one or more filler particles that impart the desired characteristic to the litters.
1. An animal litter comprising:
(a) a plurality of absorbent particles comprising
(i) a non-swelling particle comprising a non-swelling clay particle or an agglomeration of non-swelling clay particles, and
(ii) a clumping material comprising bentonite coated on the non-swelling particle; and
(b) a plurality of one or more filler particles that are not associated with the absorbent particles, wherein the filler particles are one or more biological materials.
2. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles have a property selected from the group consisting of controlling odor, absorbing moisture, releasing fragrance, controlling microorganisms, controlling dust, reducing density, reducing weight, and combinations thereof.
3. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles further comprise one or more biodegradable polymers.
4. The litter of claim 3 wherein the biodegradable polymers are selected from the group consisting of a caprolactone, a hydroxyburic acid, a lactide, a glycolide, a polyanhydride, a polyester, chitosan, poly(vinylpyridine), and poly(vinylpyrrolidone).
5. The litter of claim 1 wherein the biological materials are selected from the group consisting of wood pellets, wood shavings, oat hulls, peanut hulls, corn products, alfalfa, dried citrus peel cellulose, byproducts of wheat, byproducts of barley, byproducts of soy, and paper.
6. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles further comprise one or more zeolites.
7. The litter of claim 6 wherein the zeolites are selected from the group consisting of clinoptilolite, analcime, and zeolite A.
8. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles further comprise charged polymers.
9. The litter of claim 8 wherein the charged polymers have a carboxylic acid functionality, a sulfonate functionality, an ammonium functionality, a phosphate functionality, or an ester functionality.
10. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles are about 0.5 to about 40% by weight of the animal litter.
11. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles have a size range of about 3 mesh to about 150 mesh.
12. The litter of claim 1 wherein the clumping material particles are about 20 to about 40% by weight of the absorbent particles.
13. The litter of claim 1 comprising two or more different types of filler particles.
14. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles are contained in a carrier particle.
15. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles are coated with bentonite.
16. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles further comprise activated carbon.
17. The litter of claim 1 wherein the filler particles are coated with one or more starches, metal oxides, mineral powders, or combinations thereof.
18. The litter of claim 17 wherein the filler particles are coated with TiO 2 or SiO 2 .
19. The litter of claim 17 wherein the filler particles are coated with talc.
20. An animal litter comprising:
(a) a plurality of absorbent particles comprising:
(i) a non-swelling clay particle or agglomerated clay particle with a size in the range of −10 to +50 mesh; and
(ii) bentonite, with a particle size of about 100 mesh to about 300 mesh, coated on the non-swelling clay particle; and
(b) a plurality of one or more filler particles that are not associated with the absorbent particles, the filler particles comprising one or more biological materials having a property selected from the group consisting of controlling odor, absorbing moisture, releasing fragrance, controlling microorganisms, controlling dust, reducing density, reducing weight, and combinations thereof.