Cytotoxic ribonuclease variants
This invention relates to altered forms of members of the RNase A superfamily. An RNase A can be modified to be cytotoxic by altering its amino acid sequence so that it is not bound easily by the ribonuclease inhibitor while still retaining catalytic properties. While earlier work had identified some modifications to RNase A that would result in cytotoxicity, the use of the FADE algorithm for molecular interaction analysis has led to several other locations that were candidates for modification. Some of those modifications did result in RNase A variants with increase cytotoxicity.
1. An engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 solely by four to seven amino acid substitutions, wherein the four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the four to seven amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to any one of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein at least three of the four to seven amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, or 67 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein if the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant has an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 41 of SEQ ID NO:1, said amino acid substitution corresponds to the amino acid substitution K41A of SEQ ID NO:1, and wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonuclease activity.
2. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 1 , wherein the four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, 67 and 88, wherein if the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant has an amino acid substitution at position 41 of SEQ ID NO:1, said amino acid substitution corresponds to the amino acid substitution K41A of SEQ ID NO:1, and wherein the at least one of the four to seven amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to position 88 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
3. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 1 , wherein the four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, and wherein the at least three of the four to seven amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 7, 31, 38, 39, or 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
4. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 3 , wherein the four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 67 and 88.
5. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 4 , wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 solely by four substitutions at positions 38, 39, 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
6. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 4 , wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 solely by four substitutions at positions 7, 38, 39 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
7. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 4 , wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 solely by five substitutions at positions 31, 38, 39, 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
8. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 1 , wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant exhibits enhanced cytotoxic activity relative to the native ribonuclease A of SEQ ID NO:1.
9. An engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 solely by three or more amino acid substitutions at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the three or more amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to any one of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein at least two of the three or more amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 38, 39 or 67 of SEQ ID NO:1; and wherein the variant has ribonuclease activity.
10. An engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 solely by two or more modifications at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO:1 selected from the group consisting of 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the two or more modifications is an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to any one of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO:1, and wherein at least one of the two or more modifications is selected from the group consisting of: (i) a substitution at a position corresponding to position 39 of SEQ ID NO:1, (ii) a substitution at a position corresponding to position 67 of SEQ ID NO:1, (iii) substitutions at positions corresponding to positions 38 and 39 of SEQ ID NO:1, and (iv) substitutions at positions corresponding to positions 38, 39 and 67 of SEQ ID NO:1; and wherein the variant has ribonuclease activity.
11. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 10 , wherein the two or more modifications consist of amino acid substitutions at amino acid residue positions 39 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
12. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 10 , wherein the two or more modifications consist of amino acid substitutions at amino acid residue positions 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
13. The engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant of claim 10 , wherein the two or more modifications consist of amino acid substitutions at (i) amino acid residue positions 38 and 39 of SEQ ID NO:1, and (ii) amino acid residue position 88 of SEQ ID NO:1.
14. An engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO:1 at amino acid residue positions 31 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these two positions; and wherein the variant has ribonuclease activity.