Coupler with distributed feeding and compensation
View Patent ↗The embodiments described herein can provide improved signal feeding between hybrid couplers and associated transistors. As such, these embodiments can improve the performance of amplifiers and other such RF devices that utilize these components. In one embodiment a device includes a distribution network and a compensation resonator. The distribution network is configured to output a signal through a relatively wide output feedline. This relatively wide output feedline provides distributed signal feeding that can improve signal distribution and performance. The output feedline is coupled to the compensation resonator. In general, the compensation resonator is configured to resonate with the distribution network at the frequency band of the signal. Thus, the distribution network and compensation resonator together can provide improved signal distribution while maintaining performance at the frequencies of interest.
1. A multi-phase hybrid coupler comprising:
a power splitter, the power splitter including a first output terminal and a second output terminal configured to output an operating signal having a wavelength;
a first power distribution network, the first power distribution network having a first input node and a first output feedline, the first input node coupled to the first output terminal of the power splitter, the first output feedline having a first output connection width equal to at least 5 percent of the operating signal wavelength; and
a first compensation resonator coupled to the first output feedline of the first power distribution network.
2. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second power distribution network, the second power distribution network having a second input node and a second output feedline, the second input node coupled to the second output terminal of the power splitter; and
a second compensation resonator coupled to the second output feedline of the second power distribution network.
3. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 2 wherein the second output feedline has a second output connection width equal to at least 5 percent of the operating signal wavelength.
4. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 2 , further comprising:
a leading phase shifter coupled to the first compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a first output signal with a first phase; and
a lagging phase shifter coupled to the second compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a second output signal with a second phase, the second phase approximately 90 degrees from the first phase.
5. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 4 wherein the leading phase shifter and the lagging phase shifter each comprise three pole filters.
6. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 4 wherein the leading phase shifter and the lagging phase shifter are composed of lumped resistive, capacitive and inductive integrated passive devices.
7. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 4 wherein the second output feedline has a second output connection width, the output terminal of the leading phase shifter is coupled to a first transistor through a first bus bar having a first bus bar width, and wherein the output terminal of the lagging phase shifter is coupled to a second transistor through a second bus bar having a second bus bar width, and wherein the first bus bar width is substantially equal to the first output connection width, and wherein the second bus bar width is substantially equal to the second output connection width.
8. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 1 wherein the first compensation resonator includes a first capacitor and a first electrode and a second electrode, and wherein the first electrode has a width within 20 percent of the first output connection width.
9. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 1 wherein the first input node has a first input node connection width, and wherein the first input connection width is less than 20 percent the first output connection width.
10. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 1 wherein the first power distribution network has a shape configured to provide substantially uniform voltage along the first output feedline.
11. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 1 wherein the first distribution network has a substantially triangular shape.
12. A multi-phase hybrid coupler comprising:
a power splitter, the power splitter including a first output terminal and a second output terminal configured to output an operating signal having a wavelength;
a first power distribution network, the first power distribution network having a first input node and a first output feedline, the first input node coupled to the first output terminal of the power splitter and having a first input width, the first output feedline having a first output connection width, and wherein the first input width is less than 20 percent of the output connection width; and
a first compensation resonator coupled to the first output feedline of the first power distribution network.
13. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 12 , further comprising:
a second power distribution network, the second power distribution network having a second input node and a second output feedline, the second input node coupled to the second output terminal of the power splitter; and
a second compensation resonator coupled to the second output feedline of the second power distribution network.
14. The multi-phase hybrid coupler of claim 13 , further comprising:
a leading phase shifter coupled to the first compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a first output signal with a first phase; and
a lagging phase shifter coupled to the second compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a second output signal with a second phase, the second phase approximately 90 degrees from the first phase.
15. A balanced power amplifier comprising:
a power splitter, the power splitter including a first output terminal and a second output terminal;
a first power distribution network, the first power distribution network having a first input node and a first output feedline, the first input node coupled to the first output terminal of the power splitter, the first input node having a first input connection width, the first output feedline having a first output connection width;
a first compensation resonator coupled to the first output feedline of the first power distribution network, the first compensation resonator comprising a first capacitor having a first electrode, and wherein the first electrode has a first electrode width;
a second power distribution network, the second power distribution network having a second input node and a second output feedline, the second input node coupled to the second output terminal of the power splitter, the second input node having a second input connection width, the second output feedline having a second output connection width;
a second compensation resonator coupled to the second output feedline of the second power distribution network, the second compensation resonator comprising a second capacitor having a second electrode, and wherein the second electrode has a second electrode width;
a leading phase shifter coupled to the first compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a first output signal with a first phase;
a lagging phase shifter coupled to the second compensation resonator and having an output terminal for supplying a second output signal with a second phase approximately 90 degrees from the first phase;
a first transistor coupled to the output terminal of the leading phase shifter through a first bus bar, the first bus bar having a first bus bar width;
a second transistor coupled to the output terminal of the lagging phase shifter through a second bus bar, the second bus bar having a second bus bar width;
wherein the first output connection width and the first electrode width are each within 20 percent of the first bus bar width; and
wherein the second output connection width and the second electrode width are each within 20 percent of the second bus bar width.
16. The balanced power amplifier of claim 15 further comprising:
a first matching network coupled to the first transistor;
a second matching network coupled to the second transistor; and
a output coupler attached to the first transistor and the second transistor.
17. The balanced power amplifier of claim 15 wherein the first output connection width and the second output connection width are each at least 10 percent of an operating signal wavelength.
18. The balanced power amplifier of claim 15 wherein the first power distribution network has a shape configured to provide substantially uniform voltage along the first output feedline and wherein the second power distribution network has a shape configured to provide substantially uniform voltage along the second output feedline.
19. The balanced power amplifier of claim 15 wherein the first power distribution network has a substantially triangular shape and wherein the second power distribution network has a substantially triangular shape.
20. The balanced power amplifier of claim 15 wherein the first bus bar is coupled to the output terminal of the leading phase shifter with a distributed interconnect.