Level shifter with static precharge circuit
View Patent ↗A level shifter includes a static precharge circuit. During a precharge phase, two nodes of the level shifter are precharged to a voltage at or near a reference voltage. During an evaluate phase, the level shifter maintains one of the nodes at the precharge voltage, while the other node is pulled to a different voltage level, such as at or near a ground voltage level, wherein the node that is maintained is selected based on the state of data input signals of the level shifter. The voltage at the nodes determines the state of the level shifter output signals, such that the output signals represent the input signals at a shifted voltage level. The level shifter can include a capacitor to feed forward a signal that causes the precharging to terminate more quickly.
1. A level shifter comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to a first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to a first output signal node, and a control electrode to receive a control signal responsive to a first clock signal;
a second transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first output signal node, a second current electrode, and a control electrode responsive to a second clock signal;
a third transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor, a second current electrode coupled to a second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive a first data input signal; and
wherein the level shifter is configured to precharge the first output signal node to a first voltage during a precharge phase and to selectively, based on a state of the first data input signal, perform one of: maintaining the first output signal node at the first voltage during an evaluate phase and transitioning the first output signal node to a second voltage during the evaluate phase.
2. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a fourth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to a second output signal node, and a control electrode responsive to the control signal based on the first clock signal;
a fifth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second output signal node, a second current electrode, and a control electrode responsive to the second clock signal;
a sixth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the fifth transistor, a second current electrode coupled to the second voltage reference, and a control electrode responsive to a second data input signal that is a complement of the first data input signal; and
wherein the level shifter is to selectively, based on states of the first data input signal and the second data input signal, perform one of: maintaining the second output signal node at the first voltage during an evaluate phase and transitioning the second output signal node to a second voltage during the evaluate phase.
3. The level shifter of claim 2 , further comprising:
a seventh transistor comprising a first current electrode to provide the control signal, a second current electrode coupled to the second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive the first clock signal.
4. The level shifter of claim 3 , wherein a size of the second transistor is at least 5 times as large as a size of the seventh transistor.
5. The level shifter of claim 4 , wherein the size of the second transistor is approximately 10 times as large as the size of the seventh transistor.
6. The level shifter of claim 3 , further comprising a capacitor comprising a first terminal coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor and a second terminal coupled to receive the second clock signal.
7. The level shifter of claim 6 , wherein the first terminal of the capacitor is coupled to the control electrode of the fourth transistor.
8. The level shifter of claim 3 , further comprising:
an eighth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to the first current electrode of the seventh transistor, and a control electrode; and
a ninth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to the control electrode of the eighth transistor, and a control electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the eighth transistor.
9. The level shifter of claim 8 , further comprising:
a tenth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the ninth transistor, a second current electrode coupled to the second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive the second clock signal.
10. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising a capacitor comprising a first terminal coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor and a second terminal coupled to receive the second clock signal.
11. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein the first data input signal is to be received from a domain having a third voltage reference substantially similar to the first voltage reference.
12. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein the first data input signal is to be received from a domain having a third voltage reference different than the first voltage reference.
13. A level shifter, comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to a first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to a first output signal node, and a control electrode to receive a control signal based on a first clock signal
a second transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first output signal node, a second current electrode, and a control electrode to receive a second clock signal;
a third transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the second transistor, a second current electrode coupled to a second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive a first data input signal;
a capacitor comprising a first terminal coupled to the control electrode of the first transistor and a second terminal coupled to the control electrode of the second transistor; and
wherein the first output signal node is to be precharged to a first voltage during a precharge phase and is to be selectively maintained at the first voltage or transitioned to a second voltage during an evaluate phase based on a state of the data input signal.
14. The level shifter of claim 13 , further comprising:
a fourth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the first voltage reference, a second current electrode coupled to a second output signal node, and a control electrode to receive the control signal based on the first clock signal;
a fifth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second output signal node, a second current electrode, and a control electrode to receive the second clock signal;
a sixth transistor comprising a first current electrode coupled to the second current electrode of the fifth transistor, a second current electrode coupled to the second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive a second data input signal; and
wherein the second output signal node is to be precharged to the first voltage during the precharge phase and is to be selectively maintained at the first voltage or transitioned to the second voltage during the evaluate phase based on states of the first and second data input signals.
15. The level shifter of claim 14 , further comprising:
a seventh transistor comprising a first current electrode to provide the control signal, a second current electrode coupled to the second voltage reference, and a control electrode to receive the first clock signal.
16. The level shifter of claim 13 , wherein the first data input signal is to be received from a domain having a third voltage reference substantially similar to the first voltage reference.
17. The level shifter of claim 13 , wherein the first data input signal is to be received from a domain having a third voltage reference different than the first voltage reference.
18. A method of level shifting a signal from a first voltage domain to a second voltage domain, comprising:
during a precharge phase, precharging a first output signal node and a second output signal node of a level shifter to a first voltage of the second voltage domain via a pair of precharge transistors;
during an evaluate phase, setting conductivity of a set of evaluate transistors of the level shifter to selectively maintain one of the first and second output signal nodes at the first voltage and transitioning the other of the first and second output signal nodes from the first voltage to a second voltage, the configuration of the set of evaluate transistors based on a first input signal and second input signal of the first voltage domain; and
during the evaluate phase, transferring charge from a clock signal to control electrodes of the pair of precharge transistors via a capacitor.