Use of L-carnitine, salts and derivatives thereof for reducing or preventing fatigue and improving cognitive function
The invention relates to the use of L-carnitine, a salt of L-carnitine, a derivative of L-carnitine and/or salt of a derivative of L-carnitine, as well as respective methods and compositions, for reducing or preventing fatigue and/or for improving cognitive function in an animal. The animal is preferably a healthy individual and the use is preferably a non-therapeutic use.
1. A non-therapeutic method for reducing or preventing mental fatigue and/or for improving cognitive function of a healthy non-elderly individual having an age of from about 16 to about 50 years of age, wherein the mental fatigue and/or impaired cognitive function that is prevented or improved is not the result of a disease or due to old age, the method comprising administering an amount of L-carnitine, and/or a salt of L-carnitine corresponding to an equivalent amount of L-carnitine of from about 100 mg to about 1500 mg to the individual in a single dose over a time period of not more than one day, wherein the L-carnitine, and/or a salt of L-carnitine, is not administered in combination with another agent which is effective in reducing or preventing fatigue or for improving cognitive function of the individual.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the animal is human.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the animal does not suffer from chronic L-carnitine deficiency.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein before administration of the L-carnitine,
and/or salt of L-carnitine, the animal is experiencing a temporary fatigue and/or temporary impairment of cognitive function.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt is a tartrate, citrate, succinate, fumarate or hydrochloride.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the L-carnitine, and/or salt of L-carnitine, is administered in an amount corresponding to an equivalent amount of L-carnitine between 250 and 1000 mg.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the L-carnitine, and/or salt of L-carnitine, is administered as part of a solid composition comprising more than 50% (w/w) L-carnitine.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the L-carnitine, and/or salt of L-carnitine, is administered orally.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the animal is a horse or a pet.
10. A method for reducing or preventing mental fatigue and/or for improving cognitive function in a healthy non-elderly animal having an age of from about 16 to about 50 years of age, wherein the mental fatigue and/or impaired cognitive function that is prevented or improved is not the result of a disease or due to old age, comprising administering an amount of L-carnitine and/or a salt of L-carnitine corresponding to an equivalent amount of L-carnitine of from about 100 mg to about 1500 mg, to that animal, wherein the method is non-therapeutic, and wherein the L-carnitine and/or salt of L-carnitine is not administered over a time period of more than one day, and wherein the L-carnitine, and/or a salt of L-carnitine, is not administered in combination with another agent which is effective in reducing or preventing fatigue or for improving cognitive function of the individual.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the L-carnitine, and/or salt of L-carnitine, is administered in an amount corresponding to an equivalent amount of L-carnitine between 250 and 1000 mg.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the L-carnitine, and/or salt of L-carnitine, is administered in the form of a liquid, a solid preparation, a gel or a paste.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the solid preparation is a tablet, capsule or powder.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the L-carnitine and/or salt of L-carnitine is administered in response to multiple outbreaks of fatigue or cognitive problems within a relatively short time period.
15. The method for improving cognitive function of claim 10 , wherein short time cognitive function is improved.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the short time cognitive function is improved within a time span of 1 to 3 hours after administration.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein short time cognitive function is improved.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the short time cognitive function is improved within a time span of 1 to 3 hours after administration.