Powertrain configurations for single-motor, two-clutch hybrid electric vehicles
Powertrain configurations for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) are disclosed. One powertrain comprises: a prime mover; an electric motor-generator, said electric motor-generator mechanically coupled to said prime mover via a first clutch; a transmission, said transmission mechanically coupled to said electric motor-generator via a second clutch; a battery, said battery electrically coupled to said electric motor-generator, said battery capable of supplying electrical energy to said electric motor-generator; and a controller, said controller capable of supplying control signals to said prime mover, said first clutch, said electric motor-generator, said second clutch and said transmission such that said controller is capable of dynamically affecting a plurality of operating modes. Manual control modes for the vehicle and transmission of the HEV or PHEV are used for the purpose of optimizing power, efficiency and the use of either one of the energy sources obtained from off-board sources.
1. A powertrain for HEV/PHEV vehicles, said powertrain comprising:
a single prime mover;
a single electric motor-generator, said single electric motor-generator comprising a through-shaft and being mechanically coupled to said single prime mover via a first clutch on said through-shaft;
a transmission, said transmission mechanically coupled to said single electric motor-generator via a second clutch on said through-shaft, wherein engagement of the first clutch and the second clutch couples the single prime mover with the transmission and disengagement of the second clutch decouples the single prime mover and the single electric motor-generator from the transmission;
a battery, said battery electrically coupled to said single electric motor-generator, said battery supplying electrical energy to said single electric motor-generator; and
a controller, said controller configured to supply control signals to said single prime mover, said first clutch, said single electric motor-generator, said second clutch and said transmission such that said controller is configured to dynamically affect a plurality of powertrain operating modes; wherein further:
the first clutch and the second clutch are configured as a clutch pack positioned between the single electric motor-generator and the transmission, wherein the clutch pack comprises a single unit; and
the through-shaft is configured to deliver a combination of torque to the transmission from the single prime mover and the single electric motor-generator.
2. The powertrain of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of powertrain operating modes is selected from a group comprising: auto mode, electric vehicle (EV) mode, parallel hybrid mode, standing recharge mode and internal combustion engine (ICE) mode.
3. The powertrain of claim 1 wherein said powertrain further comprises a driver interface, said driver interface capable of receiving driver selection of a powertrain operating mode.
4. The powertrain of claim 1 wherein said transmission comprises one of a group, said group comprising: manual transmission, automatic transmission, continuously variable transmission (CVT), discrete manual transmission, dual clutch automated transmission, planetary automatic transmission, electronic transmission.
5. The powertrain of claim 1 wherein said single prime mover comprises one of a group, said group comprising: an ICE engine, a fuel cell, and hydrogen engine.
6. The powertrain of claim 1 wherein said through-shaft is configured to deliver a maximum combined torque from the single prime mover and the single electric motor-generator at any given speed point.
7. The powertrain of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of powertrain operating modes includes a standing recharge mode, wherein in the standing recharge mode the first clutch is engaged and the second clutch is disengaged, to cause the single prime mover to drive the single electric motor-generator, with the single electric motor-generator disconnected from the transmission, to generate electric power.
8. The powertrain of claim 7 , further comprising an export power inverter operable to export the electric power generated by the single electric motor-generator in the standing recharge mode.
9. The powertrain of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of powertrain operating modes includes a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode, wherein in the HEV mode the controller is configured to engage and disengage the single prime mover and the first clutch to maintain a state of charge (SOC) of the battery within an oscillation range about a target.
10. The powertrain of claim 9 , wherein the controller is configured raise the target and increase the oscillation range based on a power train load of said powertrain.
11. The powertrain of claim 9 , wherein the controller is configured raise the target and increase the oscillation range based on a location of the powertrain and a database correlating locations and SOC targets.