Timing path slack monitoring system
View Patent ↗An on-chip timing slack monitor that measures timing slack at the end of a critical path includes a master-slave flip-flop having a tap on the Q output of the master and a logic module coupled to the flip-flop for producing a pulse whose width is a function of the slack. A pulse width shrinking delay line removes glitches on the flip-flop output and, in combination with a digital integrator and counter, also performs a time to digital conversion operation for determining a value for timing path slack. The determined value is used by a decision module for yield analysis. The monitor can discriminate a glitch from a slack pulse at the flip-flop output for any width of glitch up to one-half of a clock cycle.
1. A timing path slack monitoring system, comprising:
a flip-flop for capturing transitions of a signal transmitted along a signal line of an integrated circuit, the flip-flop having at least one output;
a logic module coupled to the flip-flop for receiving the at least one output and to generate an output signal that includes a first pulse having a width that is a function of a timing path slack associated with the signal line;
a pulse width shrinking circuit having an input coupled to the logic module for receiving the output signal and generating in response, a series of pulses of decreasing width, wherein a time taken for the series of pulses to die away is a function of the width of the first pulse;
an integrator coupled to an output of the pulse shrinking circuit for integrating the series of pulses to produce a second pulse at an output of the integrator, wherein a duration of the second pulse is a function of a dying time of the first pulse; and
a timer having coupled to the output of the integrator for receiving the second pulse and for measuring the duration of the second pulse.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the flip-flop comprises a master-slave flip-flop having a clock input that receives a clock signal, a master output and a slave output.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the logic module comprises an exclusive OR gate and an OR gate, and wherein a first input of the exclusive OR gate is coupled to the slave output and a second input of the exclusive OR gate is coupled to the master output, and wherein a first input of the OR gate is coupled to an output of the exclusive OR gate and a second input of the OR gate receives the clock signal.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pulse width shrinking circuit comprises a delay line and a feedback circuit, wherein the delay line comprises a skewed inverter chain having an even number of inverter stages.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the integrator comprises a low pass filter.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the integrator comprises a digital integrator.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the digital integrator comprises a skewed inverter chain.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the timer comprises a counter that counts a number of clock periods that elapse between a rising edge of the second pulse and a falling edge of the second pulse.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the timer subtracts a value equaling one-half of a clock period from a measured value of the duration of the second pulse.
10. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a decision module that receives an output of the timer, compares the timer output with one or more predetermined parameters, and depending upon the comparison, generates one or more adjustment signals for regulating at least one of a voltage supply and a clock frequency supplied to the integrated circuit.
11. An integrated circuit including at least one timing path slack monitoring system, wherein the slack monitoring system comprises:
a flip-flop for capturing transitions of a signal transmitted along a signal line of the integrated circuit, wherein the flip-flop has at least one output;
a logic module coupled to the flip-flop for receiving the at least one output and generating an output signal that includes a first pulse whose width is a function of a timing path slack associated with the signal line;
a pulse width shrinking circuit having an input coupled to the logic module for receiving the output signal from the logic module and generating in response, a series of pulses of decreasing width, wherein a time taken for the series of pulses to die away is a function of the width of the first pulse;
an integrator coupled to an output of the pulse shrinking circuit for integrating the series of pulses to produce a second pulse at an output of the integrator, wherein a duration of the second pulse is a function of the dying time of the first pulse; and
a timer having an input coupled to the output of the integrator for measuring the duration of the second pulse.
12. The integrated circuit of claim 11 , further comprising a decision module coupled to the timer for receiving an output of the timer, comparing the timer output with one or more predetermined parameters, and depending upon the comparison, generating one or more adjustment signals for regulating at least one of a voltage supply and a clock frequency supplied to the integrated circuit.
13. The integrated circuit of claim 12 , wherein the timer comprises a counter that counts a number of clock periods that elapse between a rising edge and a falling edge of the second pulse.
14. The integrate circuit of claim 13 , wherein,
the flip-flop comprises a master-slave flip-flop having a clock input that receives a clock signal, a master output and a slave output; and
the logic module comprises an exclusive OR gate and an OR gate, and wherein a first input of the exclusive OR gate is coupled to the slave output and a second input of the exclusive OR gate is coupled to the master output, and wherein a first input of the OR gate is coupled to an output of the exclusive OR gate and a second input of the OR gate receives the clock signal.
15. The integrated circuit of claim 14 , wherein the pulse width shrinking circuit comprises a delay line and a feedback circuit, wherein the delay line comprises a skewed inverter chain having an even number of inverter stages.
16. A method for monitoring timing path slack in at least one timing path of an integrated circuit, the method comprising:
capturing a transition of a signal transmitted along a signal line of the integrated circuit in a flip-flop;
generating a first pulse in response to the transition, wherein a width of the first pulse is a function of timing path slack associated with the signal line;
receiving in a pulse width shrinking circuit the first pulse and producing in response, a series of pulses of decreasing width, wherein a time taken for the series of pulses to die away is a function of the width of the first pulse;
integrating the series of pulses to produce a second pulse whose duration is a function of a dying time of the first pulse; and
measuring a duration of the second pulse.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:
comparing the duration of the second pulse with one or more predetermined parameters, and depending upon the comparison, generating one or more adjustment signals; and
regulating at least one of a voltage supply and a clock frequency supplied to the integrated circuit using the one or more adjustment signals.