Systems and methods for delivering vagal nerve stimulation
According to various method embodiments, a person is indicated for a therapy to treat a cardiovascular disease, and the therapy is delivered to the person to treat the cardiovascular disease. Delivering the therapy includes delivering a vagal stimulation therapy (VST) to a vagus nerve of the person at a therapeutically-effective intensity for the cardiovascular disease that is below an upper boundary at which upper boundary the VST would lower an intrinsic heart rate during the VST.
1. An implantable medical system for delivering vagal stimulation therapy (VST) using implantable electrodes to a vagus nerve of a person indicated for a treatment of a cardiovascular disease, comprising:
an implantable device housing;
electrodes on the implantable device housing;
a pulse generator within the implantable device housing, the pulse generator to deliver vagal stimulation (VS) through the implantable electrodes to the vagus nerve; and
a heart rate detector configured to use the electrodes on the implantable device housing to detect heart rate,
wherein the VST has programmed parameters to deliver a therapeutically-effective dose of VST for the cardiovascular disease at a programmed intensity below an upper bound below which upper bound the VST does not produce an undesired physiological response.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the undesired response includes a reduction in heart rate.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the undesired response includes a significant bradycardia response to the VST.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the heart rate detector is further configured to detect heart rate when the pulse generator is not delivering VS, wherein the system is configured to determine a difference between detected heart when the pulse generator is delivering VS and detected heart rate when the pulse generator is not delivering VS.
5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a controller operably connected to the pulse generator and the heart rate detector, wherein the controller is adapted to use the detected heart rate to control the programmed intensity between a lower bound and the upper bound.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heart rate detector is configured to detect heart rate when the pulse generator is delivering VS.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the dose of VST includes a duty cycle in which VS is applied (VS ON ) during a portion of each cycle and not applied (VS OFF ) during another portion of each cycle.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the duty cycle includes a duty cycle (VS ON /(VS ON +VS OFF )) within a range of about 5/60 to about 15/60.
9. The system of claim 7 , wherein the duty cycle includes a duty cycle (VS ON /(VS ON+ VS OFF )) within a range of about 5/30 to about 15/30.
10. The system of claim 7 , wherein the duty cycle includes a duty cycle (VS ON /(VS ON+ VS OFF ))within a range of about 5/120 to about 15/120.
11. The system of claim 7 , wherein the duty cycle includes a duty cycle (VS ON /(VS ON+ VS OFF )) within a range of about 5/300 to about 180/300.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the programmed intensity is above a lower bound at or above a VST intensity threshold for inducing laryngeal vibration.
13. The system of claim 1 , wherein the pulse generator to non-selectively deliver vagal stimulation (VS) to both afferent and efferent axons of the vagus nerve.
14. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an electrode device configured to be implanted around the vagus nerve.
15. An implantable medical system for delivering vagal stimulation therapy (VST) to a vagus nerve of a person indicated for a treatment of a cardiovascular disease, comprising:
an electrode device configured to be implanted around the vagus nerve;
an implantable device housing;
electrodes on the implantable device housing;
a pulse generator within the implantable device housing, the pulse generator to non-selectively deliver vagal stimulation (VS) through the implantable electrodes to both afferent and efferent axons in the vagus nerve; and
a heart rate detector configured to use the electrodes on the implantable device housing to detect heart rate,
wherein the VST has programmed parameters to deliver a therapeutically-effective dose of VST through the electrode device for the cardiovascular disease at a programmed intensity below an upper bound below which upper bound the VST does not produce an undesired physiological response, wherein the dose of VST includes a duty cycle in which VS is applied (VS ON ) during a portion of each cycle and not applied (VS OFF ) during another portion of each cycle.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the electrode device includes a nerve cuff.
17. The system of claim 15 , wherein the heart rate detector is configured to detect heart rate when the pulse generator is delivering VS.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the heart rate detector is further configured to detect heart rate when the pulse generator is not delivering VS, wherein the system is configured to determine a difference between detected heart when the pulse generator is delivering VS and detected heart rate when the pulse generator is not delivering VS.
19. The system of claim 15 , wherein the upper bound is at or below a VST intensity threshold for inducing significant bradycardia, and wherein the VST intensity is above a lower bound at or above a VST intensity threshold for inducing laryngeal vibration.
20. The system of claim 15 , wherein the duty cycle includes a duty cycle (VS ON /(VS ON+ VS OFF )) within a range of:
about 5/60 to about 15/60; or
about 5/30 to about 15/30, or
about 5/120 to about 15/120, or
about 5/300 to about 180/300.