Anesthetic compounds and related methods of use

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound according to formula (I)

wherein,

R 1 is L 1 C(O)OL 2 -[C(R 7 R 8 )] p —C(R 9 R 10 )—C(O)OT;

R 2 is R 1 , optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, or C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

each R 3 is independently halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

Z is N or CR 6 ;

R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently hydrogen, halogen, CN, CF 3 , SR 2 , SOR 2 , SO 2 R 2 , OR 2 , CO 2 H, CO 2 R 2 , N(R 2 ) 2 , NHR 2 , NO 2 , or R 2 ;

R 7 and R 8 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or R 7 and R 8 together with the carbon they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl;

R 9 and R 10 are independently hydrogen, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted C 4 -C 8 cyclyl, optionally substituted C 3 -C 8 heterocyclyl, or R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl, or

R 7 and R 9 together with the carbons they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl;

L 1 and L 2 are independently a bond, optionally substituted linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkylene, optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or optionally substituted linear or branched C 2 -C 10 alkynylene, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkylene, C 2 -C 10 alkenylene, or C 2 -C 10 alkynylene optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

T is H, a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, optionally substituted cyclyl, optionally substituted heterocylcyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or PEG, wherein the backbone of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatoms;

n is an integer from 0-5; and

p is 0 or 1, provided that at least one of R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 is not hydrogen,

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3-8 membered cyclyl or heterocyclyl.

3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein Z is N.

4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein R 4 and R 5 are each hydrogen.

5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, or 2,2-dimethylbutyl.

6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein T is methyl or ethyl.

7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of formula (IA):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of formula (IB):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 , wherein Z is N.

10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 , wherein R 9 and R 10 together with the carbon they are attached to form a 3-, 4-, 5, or 6-membered cyclyl.

11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound has a structure of formula (IC):

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate or ester thereof.

13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate or ester thereof.

14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof.

15. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound having a structure

or a salt, solvate, or ester thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.