Devices to expose cells to fluid shear forces and associated systems and methods
The present technology relates generally to devices to expose cells to fluid shear forces and associated systems and methods. In particular, several embodiments are directed toward devices to expose cells to fluid shear forces in order to measure changes in internal cell forces. In some embodiments, a fluidic device includes a flow unit configured to induce fluid flow through the device. The device further includes a fluid channel configured to accept a biological sample dispersed on an array of flexible structures. The flow unit can be configured to induce disturbed and/or laminar flow in the fluid channel. The device can further include optical or magnetic detection means configured to measure a degree of deflection of one or more flexible structures in the array.
1. A fluidics device, comprising:
a flow unit configured to induce fluid flow through the device;
at least one fluid channel including an array of flexible structures, wherein the fluid channel is configured to accept a biological sample that includes a plurality of cells, and wherein the flexible structures are arranged within the fluid channel such that, when the biological sample is received by the fluid channel, at least some of the plurality of cells are dispersed over at least two of the flexible structures, and further wherein the fluid channel is configured to induce disturbed and laminar flow in the fluid channel; and
a detector configured to measure a degree of deflection of one or more flexible structures in the array.
2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of an air chamber or a step positioned in the fluid channel and configured to control a characteristic of fluid flow through the array.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein the biological sample comprises protein solutions, tissues, cells, or fragments of tissues or cells.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein the biological sample comprises at least one of whole blood, platelets, endothelial cells, tumor cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, white blood cells, red blood cells, or fragments thereof.
5. The device of claim 1 wherein the flexible structures comprise microposts made of silicon, polymers, metal, or ceramics.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein individual flexible structures have a diameter from about 1 nm to about 50 μm.
7. The device of claim 1 wherein individual flexible structures have an aspect ratio between about 1:1 and about 1:100.
8. The device of claim 1 wherein the flow unit is capable of introducing shear stress to the biological sample.
9. The device of claim 8 wherein the flow unit is capable of introducing the shear stress from about −10 kPa to about 10 kPa.
10. The device of claim 1 wherein the flow unit comprises a positive displacement pump, a piezoelectric pump, a partial vacuum, a diaphragm pump, a hydrostatic pump, or a peristaltic pump.
11. The device of claim 1 wherein individual flexible structures are substantially coated in a non-fouling coating.
12. The device of claim 1 where at least one of the flow unit or the fluid chamber is substantially coated in a non-fouling coating.
13. The device of claim 1 wherein the detector comprises at least one of an optical detector or a magnetic detector.
14. The device of claim 1 wherein individual flexible structures are substantially coated with at least one binding element.
15. The device of claim 14 wherein the binding element is selected from group consisting of proteins, glycans, polyglycans, glycoproteins, fibrinogen, fibronectin, von Willebrand Factor, collagen, vitronectin, laminin, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, and fragments thereof.