Hybrid nanoparticle TFC membranes
Reverse osmosis membranes made by interfacial polymerization of a monomer in a nonpolar (e.g. organic) phase together with a monomer in a polar (e.g. aqueous) phase on a porous support membrane. Interfacial polymerization process is disclosed for preparing a highly permeable RO membrane, comprising: contacting on a porous support membrane, a) a first solution containing 1,3-diaminobenzene, and b) a second solution containing trimesoyl chloride, wherein at least one of solutions a) and b) contains nanoparticles when said solutions are first contacted, and recovering a highly permeable RO membrane.
1. A reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, comprising:
a porous support membrane; and
a polyamide membrane discrimination layer on the porous support membrane, the discrimination layer comprising a molecular additive compound that is a beta-diketonate complex including an alkaline earth metal.
2. The RO membrane of claim 1 , wherein the beta-diketonate complex includes an acetylacetonate (acac) ligand bound to the alkaline earth metal.
3. The RO membrane of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal is Mg, Ca or Sr.
4. The RO membrane of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal is Sr.
5. The RO membrane of claim 2 , wherein the acac ligand includes a fluorine substituent.
6. The RO membrane of claim 2 , wherein the acac ligand includes six fluorine substituents.
7. The RO membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the molecular additive compound is Sr(F 6 (acac)) 2 .
8. A method of purifying brackish water or seawater, comprising contacting the brackish water or seawater with an RO membrane of claim 1 .
9. A method for preparing a RO membrane, comprising:
preparing a first solution including a polyamine monomer;
preparing a second solution including a polyfunctional acyl halide monomer; and
forming a discrimination layer by an interfacial polymerization reaction of the first solution and the second solution, on a porous support membrane,
wherein at least one of the first solution and the second solution includes a molecular additive compound that is a beta-diketonate complex including a beta-diketonate ligand bonded to an alkaline earth metal.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the beta-diketonate complex includes an acac ligand bound to the alkaline earth metal.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the acac ligand includes a fluorine substituent.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the acac ligand includes six fluorine substituents.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alkaline earth metal is Mg, Ca or Sr.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alkaline earth metal is Sr.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the molecular additive compound is Sr(F 6 (acac)) 2 .