Newly identified peptides for use in the induction of oral tolerance in young mammals
The invention relates to newly identified peptides of that are capable of inducing tolerance to cow's milk, especially to β-lactoglobulin. The peptides may be administered to mammals, especially to young infants who are at risk of allergy to cow's milk proteins, to induce oral tolerance to cow's milk; they may also be administered to children or adults who are allergic to cow's milk to allow “desensitization” towards the allergenic milk proteins, especially β-lactoglobulin, to occur. The peptides may also be used to induce tolerance to goat's and buffalo's milk proteins, especially β-lactoglobulin. The peptides are capable of modulating the mammalian immune response to allergens.
1. A method for inducing oral tolerance to a milk protein from at least one of cow, sheep, buffalo or goat in a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal at least one peptide having an amino acid length from five to twelve amino acids and comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID No. 1-5, the at least one peptide is administered at a dose between 0.4-50 μmol/per kg bodymass/day.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the at least one peptide is combined with one or more other peptides having an amino acid length from five to twelve amino acids and comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of a, b and c.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mammal is a human infant.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide consists of two or more peptides.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is of milk origin.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is present as (i) isolated peptidic fractions from hydrolysis of proteinaceous material containing the milk protein and/or (ii) one or more synthetically prepared peptides.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide downregulates IgE expression in the mammal upon previous, concomitant or sub sequent β-lactoglobulin sensitization.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is administered at an interval selected from the group consisting of every day, every second day, every third day, once a week for a period of at least one week, once a week for a period of at least one month, and once a week for a period of at least three months.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mammal is selected from the group consisting of (i) an infant or child at risk of developing allergy to cow's milk and (ii) a human adult allergic to cow's milk.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the mammal is a companion animal.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is administered in a form selected from the group consisting of (i) a pure form, (ii) a dilution in water or human breast milk, and (iii) added to or contained in a composition that is a nutritional supplement, a human milk fortifier, or an infant formula.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the composition is a “non-allergenic” or hypoallergenic composition.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the “non-allergenic” or hypoallergenic composition is a starter infant formula, a follow-up infant formula or a growing up milk.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is administered in a composition comprising between 25-250 μg of peptide per gram of dry composition.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one peptide is administered in a composition that comprises further ingredients selected from the group consisting of inulin, fructooligosaccharide (FOS), short-chain fructooligosaccharide (short chain FOS), galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), xylooligosaccharide (XOS), ganglioside, partially hydrolyzed guar gum, acacia gum, soybean-gum, and mixtures thereof.
16. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises probiotics.
17. A method for inducing oral tolerance to cow's, buffalo's or goat's milk proteins in a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal a composition comprising at least one peptide selected from the group of sequences consisting of SEQ ID No. 1-5, the at least one peptide is administered at a dose between 0.4-50 μmol/per kg bodymass/day.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the cow's, buffalo's or goat's milk protein is β-lactoglobulin.