Integrated carbon dioxide capture
A method/system for sequestering carbon dioxide from cement and lime production facilities wherein carbon dioxide from flue gases originating from cement or lime production facilities is recovered and transported to a building materials production facility where it is sequestered.
1. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide from cement and lime production facilities comprising
i) treating flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility to render the carbon dioxide transportable, wherein the amount of flue gas treated is 1-8% of the total flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility;
ii) transporting the carbon dioxide to a building materials production facility; and
iii) performing at least one operation of
(a) treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide in the building material;
(b) treating a process water produced in the building materials facility with the carbon dioxide to lower a pH of the process water, or
(c) treating concrete or a concrete component at the building materials production facility to cool the concrete or component.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising concentrating the carbon dioxide.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein at least two operations of treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide; treating a process water produced in the building materials facility with the carbon dioxide to lower a pH of the process water, or treating concrete or a concrete component at the building materials production facility to cool the concrete or component are performed.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein all three of treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide; treating a process water produced in the building materials facility with the carbon dioxide to lower a pH of the process water, or treating concrete or a concrete component at the building materials production facility to cool the concrete or component are performed.
5. A method of sequestering carbon dioxide from cement and lime production facilities comprising
i) treating flue gas comprising carbon dioxide from the cement or lime manufacturing process to render the carbon dioxide transportable, wherein the amount of flue gas treated is 1-8% of the total flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility;
ii) transporting the carbon dioxide to a precast concrete production facility; and
iii) treating a precast object comprising a cement binder with the carbon dioxide, wherein the treatment with carbon dioxide occurs upstream of a curing operation.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the flue gas comprises preheater exhaust gas.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the preheater exhaust gas is preheater exhaust gas at a discharge of an exhaust fan.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the treating the flue gas from the preheater discharge comprises treating the flue gas to render the carbon dioxide transportable in liquid form.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the operation of treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide in the building material is performed.
10. The method of claim 1 comprising performing the operation of treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide in the building material wherein the building material comprises a cement binder.
11. The method of claim 1 comprising performing the operation of treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide in the building material wherein treating a precast object comprising a cement binder with the carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide is contacted with the building material at a pressure of 0-25 psi.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the flue gas used in the method is 1-10% of the total flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the flue gas further comprises one or more impurities that normally would be removed before the flue gas is vented to the atmosphere but that in the method of claim 1 remains present in the carbon dioxide separated from the flue gas, and is used in performing the at least one operation of part (iii).
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the at least one impurity comprises NOx, SOx, HCl, dust, metals, CO, or volatile organic compounds, or a combination thereof.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the operation of part (iii) comprises treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide in the building material, and wherein the one or more impurities is also sequestered in the building material.
16. The method of claim 1 further comprising using waste heat from the cement and/or lime production process in the extraction of carbon dioxide from the flue gas.
17. The method of claim 3 wherein the at least two operations comprise treating one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide; and treating a process water produced in the building materials facility with the carbon dioxide to lower a pH of the process water.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the treating of one or more building materials with the carbon dioxide in such a manner as to permanently sequester the carbon dioxide comprises using process water that has been treated with carbon dioxide to lower a pH of the process water as mix water in a wet cement mix that is used to produce the one or more building materials.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of the transportable carbon dioxide produced in step (i) is produced in liquid form.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the transportable carbon dioxide produced in step 1 has a carbon dioxide content of greater than 60%.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein treating the flue gas in step (i) comprises cryogenic separation of carbon dioxide from the flue gas.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the cement and/or lime production facility at which the carbon dioxide is rendered transportable is no more than 100 miles from the building materials production facility at which the at least one operation of step (iii) is performed.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the amount of flue gas treated is 1-50% of the total flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility.
24. The method of claim 1 wherein the amount of flue gas treated is 1-30% of the total flue gas produced at the cement and/or lime production facility.