Biodiesel emulsion for cleaning bituminous coated equipment
Methods of cleaning equipment such as hand tools dirtied by bituminous mixture. A biodiesel emulsion comprising biodiesel, water and emulsifier(s), is applied to the surface of the equipment for a period of time (e.g., at least about 15 minutes) and optionally agitated. The biodiesel emulsion produces cleaning properties comparable to straight biodiesel, at a cost reduction, due to the replacement of biodiesel with water.
1. A method of making an emulsion comprising:
forming a stable, water-in-oil emulsion comprising:
biodiesel, 1-4 wt-% based on the biodiesel weight of at least one lecithin-based emulsifier and at least 5 vol-% water.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lecithin-based emulsifier comprises a first lecithin-based emulsifier and a second lecithin-based emulsifier.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier has a low hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB).
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier has a 2 to 6 HLB.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein the second lecithin-based emulsifier has a higher HLB than the first lecithin-based emulsifier.
6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier is present at a level of 1 to 2 wt-% based on the biodiesel weight.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier amount is the same as the second lecithin-based emulsifier.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises at least 10 vol-% water.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises at least 20 vol-% water.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises at least 40 vol-% water.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of forming a stable, water-in-oil emulsion comprises:
combining the emulsifier with the biodiesel at a temperature of about 20-100° C. to form an intermediate mixture, and
adding water at a temperature of about 5-95° C. to the intermediate mixture, and
mixing the water and intermediate mixture to disperse the water into the intermediate mixture to form the emulsion.
12. The method of claim 11 , where the water is at a temperature of about 25-75° C.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stable, water-in-oil emulsion comprises biodiesel, 1 to 4 wt-% lecithin-based emulsifier based on the biodiesel weight, and 10 to 50 vol-% water based on the emulsion volume.
14. A stable, water in oil emulsion comprising biodiesel, a first lecithin-based emulsifier, a second lecithin-based emulsifier, and 10 to 50 vol-% water based on the emulsion volume.
15. The emulsion of claim 14 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier has a low HLB.
16. The emulsion of claim 14 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier has a 2 to 6 HLB.
17. The emulsion of claim 14 , wherein the second lecithin-based emulsifier has a higher HLB than the first lecithin-based emulsifier.
18. The emulsion of claim 14 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier is present at a level of 1 to 4 wt-% of based on the biodiesel weight.
19. The emulsion of claim 14 , wherein the first lecithin-based emulsifier is present at a level of 1 to 2 wt-% of based on the biodiesel weight.