Thermal cycler apparatus and related methods
An apparatus for thermal cycling can transfer heat uniformly and efficiently. The apparatus can be used in a method that reduces condensation on sample wells. The apparatus can also be manufactured to provide uniform configurations. For example, a sample illustratively for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in each sample well and the components of the embodiment of the thermal cycler apparatus shown at including a well block, a base plate, a layer of adhesive, a peltier device, another layer of adhesive and a heat sink.
1. A thermal cycler apparatus, comprising:
a well block comprising a plurality of wells, wherein each well defines an interior void space, each well comprising:
an upper sidewall defining an upper conical portion of the interior void space;
a lower sidewall defining a generally cylindrical portion of the interior void space below the upper conical portion; and
a flat bottom defining the bottom of the interior void space, wherein the flat bottom is perpendicular to the generally cylindrical portion and is below the generally cylindrical portion,
the interior void space of each well extending continuously from the upper conical portion to the flat bottom;
a sample well received within the interior void space and extending into the generally cylindrical portion of at least one well, wherein the sample well contacts the upper sidewall of the at least one well;
a peltier device coupled to the well block; and
a heat sink coupled to the peltier device.
2. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the conical portion forms an angle of about 16° with the cylindrical portion.
3. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the wells are each configured such that a conical sample well placed in each well cannot contact the flat bottom of the well.
4. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the wells are each configured such that when a conical sample well, comprising a conical portion, is placed in each well, the conical portion of the sample well contacts the conical portion of the well.
5. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of peltier devices, wherein a predetermined number of wells are coupled to each peltier device to form a predetermined number of thermal zones in the well block.
6. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a first base plate coupled to a first pair of wells that are adjacent to each other, via the flat bottom of the wells, such that heat transferred to the first base plate is then transferred to the first pair of wells.
7. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the peltier device is coupled to the well block by solder.
8. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the peltier device is coupled to the well block with an adhesive.
9. A thermal cycler apparatus, comprising:
a heat sink;
a plurality of peltier devices thermally coupled to the heat sink;
a well block comprising a plurality of zones of wells,
each well defining an interior void space that extends continuously from a proximal conical portion defined by a conical sidewall, through a generally cylindrical portion defined by a cylindrical sidewall and located distal to the conical portion, and to a flat bottom defining a distal end of the well, wherein the flat bottom is perpendicular to the generally cylindrical portion,
a sample well received in at least one well of the well block, wherein a sidewall of the sample well is in selective contact with the conical sidewall and a bottom-section of a sample well extends into the generally cylindrical portion,
wherein each peltier device is individually driven to provide temperature uniformity to the wells.
10. The thermal cycler apparatus of claim 9 , wherein each zone comprises 4 wells.