Compensation circuit for use with acoustic resonators to provide a bandstop
Filter circuitry uses acoustic resonators to provide a frequency response having a stopband between two passbands. The filter circuitry includes at least one series acoustic resonator coupled between an input node and an output node. A compensation circuit is also coupled between the input node and the output node. The compensation circuit includes a first inductor and a second inductor coupled in series between the input node and the output node. The first inductor and the second inductor are negatively coupled with one another, wherein a common node is provided between the first inductor and the second inductor. A shunt circuit is coupled between the common node and a fixed voltage node. The shunt circuit includes a shunt inductor coupled in series with a plurality of parallel-coupled shunt acoustic resonators.
1. Filter circuitry comprising:
an input node and an output node;
at least one series acoustic resonator coupled between the input node and the output node, wherein at least one main series resonance is provided between the input node and the output node at a main resonance frequency through the at least one series acoustic resonator; and
a compensation circuit comprising:
a first inductor and a second inductor coupled in series between the input node and the output node, wherein the first inductor and the second inductor are negatively coupled with one another and a common node is provided between the first inductor and the second inductor;
a shunt circuit coupled between the common node and a fixed voltage node and comprising a shunt inductor coupled in series with a plurality of parallel-coupled shunt acoustic resonators, which comprises a first shunt acoustic resonator coupled in parallel with a second shunt acoustic resonator, wherein a transfer function of the filter circuitry between the input node and the output node provides a frequency response with a stopband between two passbands.
2. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the compensation circuit provides an upper series resonance between the input node and the output node at an upper resonance frequency, such that the main resonance frequency is below the stopband and the upper resonance frequency is above the stopband.
3. The filter circuitry of claim 2 wherein the compensation circuit further provides an intermediate series resonance between the input node and the output node at an intermediate resonance frequency, which is between the main resonance frequency and the upper resonance frequency.
4. The filter circuitry of claim 3 wherein the first shunt acoustic resonator has a first series resonance at a first resonance frequency, the second shunt acoustic resonator has a second series resonance at a second resonance frequency, and the main resonance frequency is between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency.
5. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the first shunt acoustic resonator has a first series resonance at a first resonance frequency, the second shunt acoustic resonator has a second series resonance at a second resonance frequency, and the main resonance frequency is between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency.
6. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the at least one series acoustic resonator comprises a plurality of parallel-coupled series acoustic resonators that are coupled in parallel with one another and each of the plurality of parallel-coupled series acoustic resonators has a different resonance frequency.
7. The filter circuitry of claim 6 wherein the plurality of parallel-coupled shunt acoustic resonators further comprises at least one additional shunt acoustic resonator coupled in parallel with the first shunt acoustic resonator and the second shunt acoustic resonator.
8. The filter circuitry of claim 7 wherein a number of resonators of the plurality of parallel-coupled series acoustic resonators is less than a number of resonators of the plurality of parallel-coupled shunt acoustic resonators.
9. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the compensation circuit comprises at least one additional shunt acoustic resonator coupled in parallel with the first shunt acoustic resonator and the second shunt acoustic resonator.
10. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein:
an equivalent π (pi) network of the compensation circuit comprises a series equivalent impedance between the input node and the output node and two shunt equivalent impedances; and
the series equivalent impedance exhibits negative capacitive behavior throughout a majority of the stopband.
11. The filter circuitry of claim 10 wherein the at least one series acoustic resonator provides a main impedance that exhibits capacitive behavior throughout the majority of the stopband.
12. The filter circuitry of claim 11 wherein the series equivalent impedance exhibits the negative capacitive behavior throughout at least 70% of the stopband.
13. The filter circuitry of claim 12 wherein the main impedance exhibits the capacitive behavior throughout at least 70% of the stopband.
14. The filter circuitry of claim 10 wherein the series equivalent impedance exhibits the negative capacitive behavior throughout at least 70% of the stopband.
15. The filter circuitry of claim 10 wherein:
the compensation circuit provides an upper series resonance between the input node and the output node at an upper resonance frequency, such that the main resonance frequency is below the stopband and the upper resonance frequency is above the stopband;
the compensation circuit further provides an intermediate series resonance between the input node and the output node at an intermediate resonance frequency, which is between the main resonance frequency and the upper resonance frequency; and
at least one of the two shunt equivalent impedances has a shunt resonance frequency within two percent (2%) of the intermediate resonance frequency.
16. The filter circuitry of claim 15 wherein the first shunt acoustic resonator has a first series resonance at a first resonance frequency, the second shunt acoustic resonator has a second series resonance at a second resonance frequency, and the main resonance frequency is between the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency.
17. The filter circuitry of claim 15 wherein the shunt resonance frequency is within one percent (1%) of the intermediate resonance frequency.
18. The filter circuitry of claim 10 wherein:
the compensation circuit provides an upper series resonance between the input node and the output node at an upper resonance frequency, such that the main resonance frequency is below the stopband and the upper resonance frequency is above the stopband;
the compensation circuit further provides an intermediate series resonance between the input node and the output node at an intermediate resonance frequency, which is between the main resonance frequency and the upper resonance frequency;
at least one of the two shunt equivalent impedances has a shunt resonance frequency;
the at least one series acoustic resonator has a parallel resonance frequency;
both the intermediate resonance frequency and the shunt resonance frequency fall between the main resonance frequency and the parallel resonance frequency.
19. The filter circuitry of claim 18 wherein the shunt resonance frequency defines a lower edge of the stopband.
20. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the first inductor and the second inductor have different inductances.
21. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein the at least one series acoustic resonator, the first shunt acoustic resonator, and the second shunt acoustic resonator are at least one of a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator.
22. The filter circuitry of claim 1 wherein a fc/BW*100 is between 3.5% and 12%, wherein fc is a center frequency of the stopband of the filter circuitry, and BW is a bandwidth of the stopband.
23. The filter circuitry of claim 1 further comprising a first capacitor between the common node and the fixed voltage node.
24. The filter circuitry of claim 23 further comprising a second capacitor coupled between an intermediate node and the fixed voltage node, wherein the intermediate node resides between the shunt inductor and the first and second shunt acoustic resonators.