Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof
The present invention relates to fluoroolefin compositions. The fluoroolefin compositions of the present invention are useful as refrigerants or heat transfer fluids and in processes for producing cooling or heat. Additionally, the fluoroolefin compositions of the present invention may be used to replace currently used refrigerant or heat transfer fluid compositions that have higher global warming potential.
1. A process for producing heat comprising condensing a composition nonflammable consisting essentially of 1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene in the vicinity of a body to be heated and thereafter evaporating said composition.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of selected from the group consisting of thiophosphates, butylated triphenylphosphorothionates, organo phosphates, dialkylthiophosphate esters, terpenes, terpenoids, fullerenes, functionalized perfluoropolyethers, polyoxyalkylated aromatics, epoxides, fluorinated epoxides, oxetanes, ascorbic acid, thiols, lactones, thioethers, nitromethanes, alkylsilanes, benzophenone derivatives, arylsulfide, divinyl terephthalate, diphenyl terephthalate, alkylamines, hindered amine antioxidants, and phenols.
3. A method for producing heating in a heat pump apparatus, said method comprising introducing a nonflammable refrigerant or heat transfer fluid composition into said apparatus having (a) a centrifugal compressor; (b) a multi-stage centrifugal compressor, or (c) a single slab/single pass heat exchanger; wherein said refrigerant or heat transfer fluid composition consisting essentially of 1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said method comprises compressing said composition in a centrifugal compressor, condensing said composition, and thereafter evaporating said composition in the vicinity of a body to be heated.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein said centrifugal compressor is a multi-stage centrifugal compressor.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein said centrifugal compressor is a two-stage centrifugal compressor.
7. A method for reducing the GWP of an original refrigerant or heat transfer fluid composition in a heat pump apparatus, wherein said original refrigerant or heat transfer fluid has a GWP of about 150 or higher; said method comprising introducing a second, lower GWP refrigerant or heat transfer fluid nonflammable composition consisting essentially of 1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene into said heat pump apparatus.
8. The method of claim 7 further comprising removing the original refrigerant or heat transfer fluid composition from said heat pump apparatus before the second, lower GWP refrigerant or heat transfer fluid is introduced.
9. A method for replacing R11, R123, or R245fa in a heat pump apparatus comprising providing a nonflammable composition consisting essentially of 1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene into said heat pump apparatus.
10. A heat pump apparatus containing a nonflammable composition comprising consisting essentially of 1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene.
11. The heat pump apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the composition further comprises a lubricant selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, paraffins, naphthenes, synthetic paraffins, alkylbenzenes, poly-alpha-olefins, polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyol esters and mixtures thereof.
12. The heat pump apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the composition further comprises a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of selected from the group consisting of thiophosphates, butylated triphenylphosphorothionates, organo phosphates, dialkylthiophosphate esters, terpenes, terpenoids, fullerenes, functionalized perfluoropolyethers, polyoxyalkylated aromatics, epoxides, fluorinated epoxides, oxetanes, ascorbic acid, thiols, lactones, thioethers, nitromethanes, alkylsilanes, benzophenone derivatives, arylsulfide, divinyl terephthalate, diphenyl terephthalate, alkylamines, hindered amine antioxidants, and phenols.