Flooding operations employing chlorine dioxide
A method includes introducing a treatment fluid including a first polymer gel into a subterranean formation to generate a production fluid having an aqueous portion and a hydrocarbon portion, treating the aqueous portion of the production fluid with chlorine dioxide to separate additional hydrocarbons from the aqueous portion, and adjusting the viscosity of the treated aqueous portion prior to introducing the treated aqueous portion back into the subterranean formation.
1. A composition comprising
(i) an aqueous base fluid that contains a residual concentration of 6 ppm to 20 ppm
chlorine dioxide and that has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 2.5%,
wherein the aqueous base fluid comprises an aqueous portion of a production fluid that has been treated with chlorine dioxide, and
(ii) a water soluble polymer,
wherein the composition is a gel.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the production fluid is obtained from a well that has been subjected to polymer flooding.
3. A composition comprising
(i) an aqueous base fluid that contains a residual concentration of at least 6 ppm chlorine dioxide and that has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 2.5%,
wherein the aqueous base fluid comprises an aqueous portion of a production fluid that has been treated with chlorine dioxide, and
(ii) a water soluble polymer,
wherein the composition has a viscosity that is at least about 140% of the viscosity of a control composition formed by adding a corresponding water-soluble polymer to a corresponding control aqueous base fluid that has not been treated with chlorine dioxide.
4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the composition has a viscosity that is at least 160% of the viscosity of a control composition formed by adding a corresponding water-soluble polymer to a corresponding control aqueous base fluid that has not been treated with chlorine dioxide.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein iron (II) is present in the production fluid prior to treatment.
6. A method of making a treatment composition, the method comprising
(i) treating a production fluid or aqueous portion thereof containing iron (II) by adding chlorine dioxide to the production fluid or aqueous portion thereof to provide
a treated fluid comprising a hydrocarbon partition and an aqueous partition,
(ii) removing at least part of the hydrocarbon partition of the treated fluid to provide
an aqueous base fluid, and
(iii) adding a viscosifying amount of a water soluble polymer to the aqueous base fluid to form a treatment composition.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the aqueous base fluid comprises a residual
concentration of at least 6 ppm chlorine dioxide.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein removing at least part of the hydrocarbon partition comprises skimming off at least part of the hydrocarbon partition.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the aqueous base fluid has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 2.5%.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein the production fluid comprises fluid recovered from a formation that has been subjected to polymer flooding.
11. A method of making a treatment composition, the method comprising
(i) adding chlorine dioxide to a production fluid to provide a treated fluid comprising
an aqueous partition and a hydrocarbon partition,
(ii) removing at least part of the hydrocarbon partition from the treated fluid to provide an aqueous base fluid, wherein the aqueous base fluid comprises a residual
concentration of chlorine dioxide, and
(iii) adding a viscosifying amount of a water-soluble polymer to the aqueous base fluid to form a treatment composition.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the treatment composition is a gel.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the treatment composition has higher viscosity than a control composition formed by adding a corresponding water-soluble
polymer to a corresponding production fluid without performing steps (i) and (ii) of the method.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the treatment composition has higher viscosity than a control composition formed by (a) adding a corresponding water soluble polymer to a corresponding production fluid to form an intermediate composition and, subsequently, (b) adding a corresponding amount of chlorine dioxide to the intermediate composition to form the control composition.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the residual concentration is 1 ppm to 10 ppm.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the residual concentration is 6 ppm to 20 ppm.
17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous base fluid has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 0.25%.
18. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the aqueous base fluid has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 0.25%.
19. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the aqueous base fluid has a hydrocarbon content of less than about 0.25%.