Influenza B virus replication for vaccine development
The invention provides a composition useful to prepare high titer influenza B viruses, e.g., in the absence of helper virus, which includes internal genes from an influenza B virus vaccine strain or isolate, e.g., one that is safe in humans, for instance, one that does not result in significant disease, that confer enhanced growth in cells in culture, such as MDCK cells, or in eggs.
1. An isolated recombinant influenza B virus having PA, PB1, PB2, NP, NS, and M viral segments, a heterologous or chimeric influenza virus NA viral segment, and a heterologous or chimeric HA viral segment, wherein the NP viral segment encodes a NP polypeptide having serine at position 40, or a serine at position 40 and a threonine at position 204, and optionally the NS viral segment encodes a NS1 polypeptide having a residue other than Y at position 42, other than M at position 117, other than K at position 176, and/or other than S at position 252, and/or the NS viral segment has a nucleotide other than a at nucleotide position 39 or a nucleotide insertion after position 38, or any combination thereof; or optionally the M viral segment encodes a M1 polypeptide having a residue other than G at position 34, other than D at position 54, other than R at position 77, other than M at position 86, or other than I at position 97, or any combination thereof; or optionally the M viral segment encodes a BM2 polypeptide having a residue other than H at position 58, other than R at position 80, other than H at position 27, or other than G at position 26, or any combination thereof; or optionally the NP viral segment has a nucleotide other than g at nucleotide position 1795 or other than c at nucleotide position 50, or any combination thereof; or optionally the PA viral segment encodes a PA polypeptide having a residue other than Y at position 387, other than V at position 434, other than D at position 494, and/or other than T at position 524, and/or the PA viral segment has a nucleotide other than a at nucleotide 2272, other than a at position 1406, other than c at position 1445, or other than g at nucleotide 2213, or any combination thereof; or optionally the PB2 viral segment encodes a 2 polypeptide having a residue other than N at position 16; or any combination thereof, wherein the position in the NP polypeptide is relative to a NP polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO: 4, wherein the position in the NS polypeptide is relative to a NS polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO: 6, wherein the position in the M1 polypeptide is relative to a M1 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:5, wherein the position in the BM2 polypeptide is relative to a BM2 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:5, wherein the position in the PA polypeptide is relative to a PA polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:3, or wherein the position in the PB2 polypeptide is relative to a BM2 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:1.
2. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 and optionally further has at least one of: T at position 28, Q at position 51, K at position 52, G at position 57, T at position 204, T at position 343, a at position 1795 or the NP viral segment has t at position 500.
3. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the M1 polypeptide has at least one of: V or N at position 34, G at position 54, K at position 77, T at position 86, or N at position 97.
4. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the BM2 polypeptide has at least one of: R at position 58, G at position 80, R at position 27 or R at position 26.
5. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the NS1 polypeptide has at least one of: N at position 42, Y at position 117, Q at position 176, T at position 252, or the NS segment has a nucleotide insertion of g after nucleotide position 38 or g at position 39.
6. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the PA viral segment has at least one of: H at position 387, A at position 434, N at position 494, A at position 524, g at position 1406, t at position 2272, t at position 1445, or any combination thereof.
7. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 and optionally further comprises one or more of: the NP vRNA has t at nucleotide 500, the M1 polypeptide has K at position 77, the NS1 polypeptide has Q at position 176 and the NS vRNA has g at nucleotide 39, or the PA vRNA has g at nucleotide 1406, t at nucleotide 1445, and t at nucleotide 2272.
8. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 and T at position 204 and optionally further comprises one or more of: the NP vRNA has t at nucleotide 500, the M1 polypeptide has T at position 86, the NS vRNA has an insertion of g after nucleotide 38, or the PA vRNA has g at nucleotide 1406, t at nucleotide 1445, and t at nucleotide 2272.
9. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the NA gene segment and the HA gene segment are from the same influenza virus isolate.
10. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the PA, PB1, PB2, NP, NS, and M viral segments comprise sequences encoding at least one of the following: a PB1 having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO:2 or PB1 with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to the PB1 encoded by SEQ ID NO:2; a PB2 having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO:3 or PB2 with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to the PB2 encoded by SEQ ID NO:3; a PA having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO:1 or PA with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to the PA encoded by SEQ ID NO:1; a NP having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO:4 or NP with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to the NP encoded by SEQ ID NO:4; a M having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO:5 or M with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity to the M encoded by SEQ ID NO:5; or a NS having the amino acid sequence encoded by SEQ ID NO: 6 or NS with at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to the NS encoded by SEQ ID NO:6.
11. The isolated virus of claim 1 which has a heterologous HA gene segment or a heterologous NA gene segment.
12. The isolated virus of claim 1 wherein the M1 polypeptide has V at position 34, N at position 97, or T at position 86, or any combination thereof: or the BM2 polypeptide has R at position 58 and/or G at position 80; or the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 or K at position 52.
13. A vaccine having the isolated recombinant virus of claim 1 .
14. A method to prepare influenza virus, comprising: contacting a cell with:
a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PB1 DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus PB2 DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus HA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NP DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NA DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus M DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, and a vector for vRNA or cRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to an influenza virus NS DNA linked to a transcription termination sequence, wherein the PB1, PB2, PA, NP, NS, and M DNAs in the vectors for vRNA or cRNA production are from one or more influenza vaccine virus isolates, wherein the NA DNA in the vector for vRNA or cRNA production of NA has sequences for a heterologous or chimeric NA, and wherein the HA DNA in the vector for vRNA or cRNA production of HA has sequences for a heterologous or chimeric HA, wherein the NP vRNA or cRNA encodes a NP polypeptide having a serine at position 40, or a serine at position 40 and a threonine at position 204, wherein optionally the NS vRNA or cRNA encodes a NS1 polypeptide having a residue other than Y at position 42, other than M at position 117, other than K at position 176, and/or other than S at position 252, and/or a nucleotide other than an a at position 39 or a nucleotide insertion after position 38, or any combination thereof; or optionally the M vRNA or cRNA encodes a M1 polypeptide having a residue other than G at position 34, other than D at position 54, other than R at position 77, other than M at position 86, other than I at position 97, or any combination thereof; or optionally the M vRNA or cRNA encodes a BM2 polypeptide having a residue other than H at position 58, other than Rat position 80, other than H at position 27, other than G at position 26, or any combination thereof; or optionally the NP vRNA or cRNA has a nucleotide other than g at position 1795 or other than c at position 500, or any combination thereof; or optionally the PA vRNA or cRNA encodes a PA polypeptide having a residue other than Y at position 387, other than V at position 434, other than D at position 494, and/or other than T at position 524, and/or the PA vRNA or cRNA has a nucleotide other than a at nucleotide 2272, other than a at position 1406, other than c at position 1445, and/or other than g at nucleotide 2213, or any combination thereof; or optionally the PB2 vRNA or cRNA encodes a PB2 polypeptide has a residue other than N at position 16, wherein the position in the NS polypeptide is relative to a NS polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO: 6, wherein the position in the M1 polypeptide is relative to a M1 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:5, wherein the position in the BM2 polypeptide is relative to a BM2 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:5, wherein the position in the PA polypeptide is relative to a PA polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:3, or wherein the position in the PB2 polypeptide is relative to a PB2 polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO:1;
or any combination thereof; and
a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PA, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PB1, a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus PB2, and a vector for mRNA production comprising a promoter operably linked to a DNA segment encoding influenza virus NP;
in an amount effective to yield infectious influenza virus.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the cell is an avian cell or a mammalian cell.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the cell is a Vero cell, a human cell or a MDCK cell.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 and optionally the NP vRNA has t at nucleotide 500, the M1 polypeptide has K at position 77, the NS1 polypeptide has Q at position 176 and the NS vRNA has g at nucleotide 39, or the PA vRNA has g at nucleotide 1406, t at nucleotide 1445, and t at nucleotide 2272.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein the NP polypeptide has S at position 40 and T at position 204 and optionally the NP vRNA has t at nucleotide 500, the M1 polypeptide has T at position 86, the NS vRNA has an insertion of g after nucleotide 38, or the PA vRNA has g at nucleotide 1406, t at nucleotide 1445, and t at nucleotide 2272.
19. The method of claim 14 further comprising isolating the infectious influenza virus.
20. A vector for influenza B virus NP vRNA, cRNA or mRNA
wherein the influenza B virus NP has at least 85% amino acid sequence identity to a polypeptide encoded by SEQ ID NO: 14 or 15 and has S at position 40, or S at position 40 and T at position 204, and optionally the NP vRNA has u at nucleotide 500.