In vitro reconstituted plant virus capsids for delivering RNA genes to mammalian cells
The invention provides compositions of matter comprising a cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein (CCMV CP) and a ribonucleic acid, as well as methods for using such compositions. In such compositions, the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein envelops the ribonucleic acid so as to for a capsid that can inhibit the degradation of the ribonucleic acid (e.g. by RNAses). A method of delivering a ribonucleic acid into the cytoplasm of a mammalian cell is also provided. Typically, the method comprises the steps of combining the mammalian cell with a composition of matter described herein under conditions selected to allow the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid to contact the mammalian cell and deliver the ribonucleic acid into the cytoplasm of a mammalian cell.
1. A composition of matter comprising:
cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins; and
ribonucleic acid; wherein:
the ribonucleic acid is at least 100 nucleotides in length;
the ribonucleic acid is not a cowpea chlorotic mottle virus ribonucleic acid;
relative amounts of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein and ribonucleic acid are such that there are at least 10 cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins for every 100 nucleotides of ribonucleic acid length; and
the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins form a capsid that envelops the ribonucleic acid, thereby inhibiting degradation of the ribonucleic acid.
2. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a mammalian cell.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ribonucleic acid:
(a) encodes a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase;
(b) is between 100 and 10,000 nucleotides in length; and/or
(c) comprises at least 1,000 nucleotides, at least 2,000 nucleotides, at least 3,000 nucleotides, at least 4,000 nucleotides, or at least 5,000 nucleotides; and/or
(d) does not include a signal sequence that modulates packaging of the ribonucleic acid by the capsid proteins.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein:
the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein is coupled to a polypeptide that is not a cowpea chlorotic mottle virus polypeptide; and
the polypeptide binds a molecule expressed on the surface of a mammalian cell.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the capsid envelopes a single ribonucleic acid molecule.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes at least one polypeptide that is expressed in a mammalian cell following delivery of the ribonucleic acid into the cytoplasm of the mammalian cell.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide selected for its ability to facilitate imaging of the mammalian cell.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide useful in a therapeutic regimen.
10. A composition of matter comprising:
a mammalian cell;
cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins; and
ribonucleic acid; wherein:
the ribonucleic acid is at least 100 nucleotides in length;
the ribonucleic acid is not a cowpea chlorotic mottle virus ribonucleic acid;
the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins form a capsid that envelops the ribonucleic acid, thereby inhibiting degradation of the ribonucleic acid; and
relative amounts of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein and ribonucleic acid are such that there are at least 10 cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins for every 100 nucleotides of ribonucleic acid length.
11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein relative amounts of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein and ribonucleic acid are such that the mass ratio of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins to ribonucleic acids is at least 6:1.
12. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein is coupled to a polypeptide selected for its ability to bind a molecule expressed on the surface of the mammalian cell.
13. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes at least one polypeptide that is expressed in a mammalian cell following delivery of the ribonucleic acid into the cytoplasm of the mammalian cell.
14. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
15. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide selected for its ability to facilitate imaging of the mammalian cell.
16. The composition of claim 10 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide useful in a therapeutic regimen.
17. A composition of matter comprising:
cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins; and
ribonucleic acid; wherein:
the ribonucleic acid is at least 100 nucleotides in length;
the ribonucleic acid is not a cowpea chlorotic mottle virus ribonucleic acid;
relative amounts of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein and ribonucleic acid are such that there are at least 10 cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins for every 100 nucleotides of ribonucleic acid length;
the cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins form a capsid that envelops the ribonucleic acid, thereby inhibiting degradation of the ribonucleic acid; and
relative amounts of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid protein and ribonucleic acid are such that the mass ratio of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus capsid proteins to ribonucleic acids is at least 6:1.
18. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide selected for its ability to facilitate imaging of the mammalian cell.
19. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the ribonucleic acid encodes a polypeptide useful in a therapeutic regimen.