Dual function proppants
Proppants for use in fractured or gravel packed/frac packed oil and gas wells are provided with a contaminant removal component to remove one or more of the contaminants found in subterranean water/hydrocarbon from a production well. The water/hydrocarbon cleaning proppant solids may be used as discrete particles in a proppant formulation, as a coating on proppant solids in pores of a porous proppant solid or as part of the proppant's internal structure. The contaminant removal component removes contaminants, especially dissolved contaminants, in the subterranean water or hydrocarbon before the water/hydrocarbon leaves the well. For those contaminant removal components that can be regenerated, such as ion exchange resins, a measured quantity of an acidic regeneration solution can be injected into the fractured stratum for regeneration and recovered when the well resumes production.
1. A method to remove contaminants from a fractured well stratum or well, said method comprising:
introducing into said stratum or said well a formulation that comprises first solid particulates associated with a contaminant removal component in a sufficient quantity to remove at least a portion of the contaminants in fluids in said stratum or well,
wherein said first solid particulates are coated with a polymeric coating that is admixed with the contaminant removal component, wherein the polymeric coating and the contaminant removal component is adhered to the first solid particulates wherein, the contaminant removal component comprises at least one sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, phenolic, amino acid, glycolamine, polyamine, quaternary amine, or polyhydroxylic compound.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation further comprises a second particulates comprising an ion exchange resin, a molecular sieve or activated carbon that is bound to an outer surface of said proppant particulate with a polymeric coating.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein, said second particulate solids are a natural molecular sieve.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein, said second particulate solids are a synthetic molecular sieve.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein, said second particulate solids are an ion exchange resin.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said stratum or said well comprises a gravel pack or a filter sand bed.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric coating admixed with the contaminant removal component is adhered to the first solid particulates through a silane adhered to the first solid particulates.
8. A solids formulation, said solids formulation comprising a plurality of first particulate solids associated with a contaminant removal component in sufficient quantity to remove at least a portion of contaminants in liquids issuing from a well,
wherein said contaminant removal component comprises a polymeric coating admixed with said contaminant removal component adhered to said first particulate solids,
wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, phenolic, amino acid, glycolamine, polyamine, quaternary amine, or polyhydroxylic compound.
9. The formulation of claim 8 , further comprising a plurality of second particulate solids comprising an ion exchange resin or a molecular sieve that is bound to an outer surface of said second particulate solids with a polymeric coating.
10. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises an ion exchange resin.
11. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises a molecular sieve.
12. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one sulfonic acid.
13. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one carboxylic acid.
14. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one phenolic compound.
15. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one glycolamine.
16. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one polyamine.
17. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one quaternary amine.
18. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component comprises at least one polyhydroxylic compound.
19. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein said contaminant removal component removes contaminants by ionic attraction, ionic exchange, sequestration, amalgamation, chelation, physical entrapment, absorption, adsorption, magnetic attraction, biological degradation, or adhesion.
20. The formulation of claim 8 , wherein the polymeric coating admixed with the contaminant removal component is adhered to the first solid particulates through a silane adhered to the first solid particulates.