Treatment or prevention of surgery-induced cachexia and/or expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines
A specialized immunonutrition supplement can be administered to a surgical patient to reduce post-operative complications by restraining the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. The supplement includes one or more of L-arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, and dietary nucleotides, preferably all four of these compounds. The supplement is administered to the patient at least once per day for a time period extending from a pre-operative day that is three to seven days prior to a bladder surgery of the patient to a post-operative day that is three to seven days after the bladder surgery. The supplement can be administered to treat or prevent post-operative paralytic ileus in a bladder cancer patient; treat or prevent surgery-induced, inflammation-induced or cancer-induced cachexia; reduce the incidence of chronic infections resulting from expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a patient; and/or reduce mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a patient.
1. A method of treating or preventing cachexia induced by at least one of surgery, cancer or infection in a patient who is an individual with bladder cancer scheduled to undergo a radical cystoprostatectomy, the method comprising administering to the patient a specialized immunonutrition supplement comprising a combination of L-arginine, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, and nucleotides, and
the specialized immunonutrition supplement is administered to the patient in a daily dose that provides an amount of the omega-3 fatty acids that comprises about 0.5 g to about 10.0 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in total per day and that provides at least about 500 μg RE of the vitamin A per day; and
the specialized immunonutrition supplement is administered to the patient at least once per day for a time period extending from a pre-operative day that is three to seven days prior to the radical cystoprostatectomy to a post-operative day that is three to seven days after the radical cystoprostatectomy.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cachexia is induced by infection.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specialized immunonutrition supplement is administered to the patient in a daily dose that provides between about 5 g and about 30 g of the L-arginine per day.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specialized immunonutrition supplement is administered to the patient in a daily dose that provides an amount of the omega-3 fatty acids that comprises about 1.0 g to about 5.0 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in total per day.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specialized immunonutrition supplement is administered to the patient in a daily dose that provides between about 0.5 mg and about 10.0 mg of the nucleotides per day.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nucleotides are provided by polymeric yeast RNA and/or derived from yeast RNA.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specialized immunonutrition supplement is orally administered to the patient.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the specialized immunonutrition supplement further comprises an additional component selected from the group consisting of a protein, a carbohydrate, a lipid, and mixtures thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the bladder cancer is associated with a tumor.