Method for sulfating glycosaminoglycan
An object of the present invention is provide a method for sulfating a glycosaminoglycan in a solution of a non-organic solvent. In the present invention, sulfation reaction of a glycosaminoglycan is performed with a sulfating agent in a strongly basic solution of a non-organic solvent. In the present invention, pH of the strongly basic solution is preferably set to be 11.5 or higher. According to the present invention, for example, a glycosaminoglycan having heparin-like anticoagulant activity can be produced from N-acetylheparosan through one-pot procedure. In one embodiment, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan produced by the method of the present invention has a unique disaccharide composition and is expected to be a novel useful material.
1. A method for sulfating a glycosaminoglycan, the method comprising performing sulfation reaction in a strongly basic solution under coexistence of a glycosaminoglycan with a sulfating agent, wherein the pH of the strongly basic solution is set to be 11.5 or higher.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the glycosaminoglycan is selected from among the following glycosaminoglycans (A) to (D):
(A) a glycosaminoglycan having a hexuronic acid residue;
(B) a glycosaminoglycan prepared through addition or elimination of a substituent or a functional group to or from the glycosaminoglycan (A);
(C) a glycosaminoglycan prepared through deacetylation of the glycosaminoglycan (A); and
(D) a glycosaminoglycan prepared through alkylation of the glycosaminoglycan (A).
3. A method for producing a sulfated glycosaminoglycan, the method comprising performing sulfation reaction in a strongly basic solution under coexistence of a glycosaminoglycan with a sulfating agent, wherein the pH of the strongly basic solution is set to be 11.5 or higher.
4. The method according to claim 3 , the method further comprising a step of performing deacetylation reaction of the glycosaminoglycan.
5. The method according to claim 3 , the method further comprising a step of performing alkylation reaction of the glycosaminoglycan.
6. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan has heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
7. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is sulfated heparosan having heparin-like anticoagulant activity.
8. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is chondroitin sulfate containing 3 mol % or higher of a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula as the composition ratio of disaccharide units:
[HexA(2S)1-3GalN1-4]
(where “HexA” represents a hexuronic acid residue; “GalN” represents a galactosamine residue; “1-3” represents a 1-3 glycosidic bond; “1-4” represents a 1-4 glycosidic bond; and “2S” represents a 2-O-sulfate group, respectively).
9. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is chondroitin sulfate containing a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula (b) over 3 times as many as a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula (a):
[HexA1-3GalN(4S)1-4] (a)
[HexA(2S)1-3GalN1-4] (b)
(where “HexA” represents a hexuronic acid residue; “GalN” represents a galactosamine residue; “1-3” represents a 1-3 glycosidic bond; “1-4” represents a 1-4 glycosidic bond; “4S” represents a 4-O-sulfate group; and “2S” represents a 2-O-sulfate group, respectively).
10. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is chondroitin sulfate containing a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula (d) over 0.1 times as many as a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula (c):
[HexA1-3GalN(6S)1-4] (c)
[HexA(2S)1-3GalN1-4] (d)
(where “HexA” represents a hexuronic acid residue; “GalN” represents a galactosamine residue; “1-3” represents a 1-3 glycosidic bond; “1-4” represents a 1-4 glycosidic bond; “6S” represents a 6-O-sulfate group; and “2S” represents a 2-O-sulfate group, respectively).
11. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is chondroitin sulfate having 25 mol % or higher of a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula as the composition ratio of disaccharide units:
[HexA(2S)1-3GalN(6S)1-4]
(where “HexA” represents a hexuronic acid residue; “GalN” represents a galactosamine residue; “1-3” represents a 1-3 glycosidic bond; “1-4” represents a 1-4 glycosidic bond; “2S” represents a 2-O-sulfate group; and “6S” represents a 6-O-sulfate group, respectively).
12. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is sulfated hyaluronic acid containing a disaccharide having a structure represented by the following formula as the disaccharide composition:
[HexA1-3GlcN(4S)1-4]
(where “HexA” represents a hexuronic acid residue; “GlcN” represents a glucosamine residue; “1-3” represents a 1-3 glycosidic bond; “1-4” represents a 1-4 glycosidic bond; and “4S” represents a 4-O-sulfate group, respectively).
13. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the sulfated glycosaminoglycan is sulfated hyaluronic acid having the following characteristics (A) and (B):
(A) a molecular weight of 2,000,000 Da or higher, and
(B) a sulfur content of 2 mass % or higher.