Cellulosic fibers having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof
A cellulosic fiber includes a fiber body including a cellulosic material and non-encapsulated phase change material dispersed within the cellulosic material. The non-encapsulated phase change material forms a plurality of distinct domains dispersed within the cellulosic material. The non-encapsulated phase change material has a latent heat of at least 40 Joules per gram and the cellulosic fiber has a latent heat between 9.8 Joules per gram and 132 Joules per gram and a transition temperature in the range of 0° C. to 100° C., and cellulosic fiber provides thermal regulation based on at least one of absorption and release of the latent heat at the transition temperature.
1. A cellulosic fiber comprising:
a fiber body including a cellulosic material and a non-encapsulated phase change material dispersed within the cellulosic material, the non-encapsulated phase change material forming a plurality of distinct domains dispersed within the cellulosic material,
wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material has a latent heat of at least 40 Joules per gram and the cellulosic fiber has a latent heat between 9.8 Joules per gram and 132 Joules per gram and a transition temperature in the range of 0° C. to 100° C., the cellulosic fiber providing thermal regulation based on at least one of absorption and release of the latent heat at the transition temperature.
2. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes at least one of cellulose and cellulose acetate.
3. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes lyocell.
4. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes viscose.
5. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes rayon.
6. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes a high modulus viscose.
7. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes cupro viscose.
8. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic material includes a mixture of at least two cellulose products.
9. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material includes a paraffinic hydrocarbon having 13 to 28 carbon atoms.
10. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material includes one of a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene oxide, a polytetramethylene glycol, and a polyester.
11. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the domains are substantially uniformly dispersed within the cellulosic material.
12. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber body is between 0.1 and 100 denier.
13. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material is a solid/solid phase change material.
14. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material is a polymeric phase change material.
15. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , further comprising a second non-encapsulated phase change material dispersed in the cellulosic material.
16. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the transition temperature of the non-encapsulated phase change material is in the range of 22° C. to 40° C.
17. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the transition temperature of the non-encapsulated phase change material is in the range of 22° C. to 28° C.
18. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic fiber includes from 10 percent to 30 percent by weight of the phase change material.
19. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic fiber includes from 15 percent to 25 percent by weight of the phase change material.
20. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the cellulosic fiber includes from 10 percent to 70 percent by weight of the non-encapsulated phase change material.
21. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber body further comprises an additive that provides fire resistant properties to the cellulosic fiber.
22. The cellulosic fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber body further comprises an additive that provides anti-microbial properties to the cellulosic fiber.
23. A fabric comprising:
a plurality of cellulosic fibers blended together, the plurality of cellulosic fibers including a cellulosic fiber having enhanced reversible thermal properties and including: a fiber body including a cellulosic material and a temperature regulating material dispersed within the cellulosic material, the temperature regulating material including a non-encapsulated phase change material, the non-encapsulated phase change material forming a plurality of distinct domains dispersed within the cellulosic material,
wherein the non-encapsulated phase change material has a latent heat of at least 40 Joules per gram and the cellulosic fiber has a latent heat between 9.8 Joules per gram and 132 Joules per gram and a transition temperature in the range of 0° C. to 100° C., the cellulosic fiber providing thermal regulation based on at least one of absorption and release of the latent heat at the transition temperature.
24. The fabric of claim 23 , wherein the plurality of cellulosic fibers are blended together by a non-woven process.
25. The fabric of claim 23 , wherein the fabric has a moisture absorbency in the range of 12 gram/gram to 35 gram/gram.
26. The fabric of claim 23 , wherein the fabric has a specific weight in the range of 15 g/m 2 to 400 g/m 2 .
27. The fabric of claim 23 , wherein the cellulosic material includes one of cellulose and cellulose acetate.
28. The fabric of claim 23 , wherein the phase change material includes one of a paraffinic hydrocarbon, a polyhydric alcohol, a polyethylene glycol, a polyethylene oxide, a polytetramethylene glycol, and a polyester.