Light emitting diodes and associated methods of manufacturing
Light emitting diodes and associated methods of manufacturing are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a light emitting diode (LED) includes a substrate, a semiconductor material carried by the substrate, and an active region proximate to the semiconductor material. The semiconductor material has a first surface proximate to the substrate and a second surface opposite the first surface. The second surface of the semiconductor material is generally non-planar, and the active region generally conforms to the non-planar second surface of the semiconductor material.
1. A light emitting diode (LED) device, comprising: a substrate having a width defined by a first side edge and a second side edge opposite the first side edge, a backside, and a front side, wherein the front side is planar across the width of the substrate from the first side edge to the second side edge; a first semiconductor material carried by the substrate, the first semiconductor material having—a first major surface that is planar across the width of the substrate from the first side edge to the second side edge, a second major surface opposite the first major surface and farther from the substrate than the first major surface, indentations tapering inwardly from the second major surface toward the substrate to define non-planar areas having an irregular pattern of peaks and valleys; and an active region operably connected to the first semiconductor material via the second major surface, wherein the active region conforms to the indentations; wherein the non-planar areas are spaced apart by planar areas in an irregular pattern that extends from the first side edge to the second side edge.
2. The LED device of claim 1 wherein the first major surface directly contacts the substrate and the active region directly contacts the first semiconductor material at the second major surface.
3. The LED device of claim 2 wherein the active region is epitaxially aligned with the first semiconductor material.
4. The LED device of claim 1 wherein the individual indentations have six sidewalls that converge toward each other from the second major surface.
5. The LED device of claim 1 wherein the indentations are in a non-uniform arrangement at different respective crystal dislocations within the first semiconductor material.
6. The LED device of claim 1 wherein:
the first semiconductor material includes N-type gallium nitride (GaN);
the active region includes indium gallium nitride (InGaN);
the LED device further comprises a second semiconductor material including P-type gallium nitride (GaN); and
the active region is between the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material.
7. The LED device of claim 1 wherein the substrate further comprises a buffer material and the first semiconductor material is on the buffer material.
8. The LED device of claim 1 wherein the indentations are at different respective crystal dislocations within the first semiconductor material.
9. The LED device of claim 1 , wherein indentations have different depths into the first semiconductor material.