Compositions and methods that modulate cholesterol in a companion animal
Cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins in a companion animal can be improved by adjusting the diet of the animal to increase the amount of a compound which positively or negatively modulates the cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, or low-density lipoproteins or adjusting the diet of the animal to decrease the amount of a compound which positively or negatively modulates cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, or low-density lipoproteins.
1. A pet food composition, comprising:
protein, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, and
at least 6 distinct metabolites including 2 distinct metabolites for modulating each one of cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins in a companion animal;
wherein the metabolite that modulates cholesterol is selected from the group consisting of palmitoyl sphingomyelin, X-13215, 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), alpha-tocopherol, 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, X-17010, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), X-16120, 2-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, caproate (6:0), 1-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P), 2-arachidonoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerol 2-phosphate, dihydrocholesterol, pelargonate (9:0), stearamide, 2-palmitoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, malate, heptanoate (7:0), and mixtures thereof;
wherein the metabolite that modulates high-density lipoproteins is selected from the group consisting of palmitoyl sphingomyelin, X-13215, alpha-tocopherol, 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, X-17010, 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine, 2-docosapentaenoylglycerophosphocholine, 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), 1-docosapentaenoylglycerophosphocholine, caproate (6:0), arachidonate (20:4n6), X-17612, 3-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), 2-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine, pelargonate (9:0), stearamide, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, 1-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine, dihydrocholesterol, X-11412, 1-stearoylglycerophosphocholine, X-17147, glycerate, heptanoate (7:0), 1-docosahexaenoylglycerophosphocholine, dihomo-linoleate (20:2n6), 2-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine, 2-palmitoylglycerophosphocholine, and mixtures thereof;
wherein the metabolite that modulates low-density lipoproteins is selected from the group consisting of 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), X-13215, palmitoyl sphingomyelin, alpha-tocopherol, 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, 2-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, 1-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, X-17010, 2-palmitoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), caproate (6:0), 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, 2-arachidonoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, malate, glycerol 2-phosphate, glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P), 2-oleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, and mixtures thereof; and
wherein the at least 6 distinct metabolites are present in amounts that are at least one of (i) from about 0.01 weight % to about 10 weight % of the pet food food composition or (ii) from about 1 IU to about 500,000 IU per kilogram of the pet food composition,
wherein the pet food composition provides at least a 5% increase or at least a 5% decrease in the amount of at least one of cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, or low-density lipoproteins in the companion animal upon administration of the pet food to the companion animal.
2. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least 9 distinct metabolites, including at least 3 distinct metabolites for modulating each one of cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins in a companion animal.
3. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least 12 distinct metabolites, including at least 4 distinct metabolites for modulating each one of cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, and low-density lipoproteins in a companion animal.
4. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the metabolite that modulates cholesterol is selected from the group consisting of palmitoyl sphingomyelin, X-13215, 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), alpha-tocopherol, 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, X-17010, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), X-16120, 2-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine, caproate (6:0), and mixtures thereof.
5. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the metabolite that modulates high-density lipoprotein is selected from the group consisting of palmitoyl sphingomyelin, X-13215, alpha-tocopherol, 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, X-17010, 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphocholine, 2-docosapentaenoylglycerophosphocholine, 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), 1-docosapentaenoylglycerophosphocholine, caproate (6:0), arachidonate (20:4n6), and mixtures thereof.
6. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the metabolite that modulates low-density lipoprotein is selected from the group consisting of 1-stearoylglycerol (1-monostearin), X-13215, palmitoyl sphingomyelin, alpha-tocopherol, 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol, 2-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol, 1-linoleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, X-17010, 2-palmitoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 1-palmitoylglycerol (1-monopalmitin), and mixtures thereof.
7. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the pet food composition provides at least a 10% increase in the amount of high-density lipoprotein in the companion animal.
8. The pet food composition of claim 1 , wherein the pet food composition provides at least a 10% decrease in the amount of at least one of cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in the companion animal.