Method of manufacturing metal hardmask and semiconductor device
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming an etch target layer on a substrate; forming an amorphous metal layer on the etch target layer, the amorphous metal layer comprising nitrogen between 15 atomic percentage (at %) and 25 at %; forming an amorphous metal hardmask by patterning the amorphous metal layer; and etching the etch target layer by using the amorphous metal hardmask as an etching mask.
1. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming an etch target layer on a substrate;
forming an amorphous metal layer on the etch target layer, the amorphous metal layer comprising nitrogen between 15 atomic percentage (at %) and 25 at %, wherein defects are formed during the forming of the amorphous metal layer;
forming an amorphous metal hardmask by patterning the amorphous metal layer; and
etching the etch target layer by using the amorphous metal hardmask as an etching mask,
wherein forming the amorphous metal layer comprises applying an alternating current bias of about 150 W to about 400 W to a process chamber in which the amorphous metal layer is formed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the defects comprises performing an ion bombardment of the amorphous metal layer to prevent crystallization of a metal layer in the process chamber.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
applying direct current power of about 2 kW to about 5 kW to the process chamber.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
supplying an inert gas and a nitrogen gas having a flow ratio of about 20% to about 50% of the inert gas to the process chamber.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:
generating plasma in the process chamber by using the inert gas and the nitrogen gas as a process gas.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a process temperature in the process chamber ranges from about 75° C. to about 300° C., and a process pressure in the process chamber ranges from 13 mTorr to 20 mTorr.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein, forming the amorphous metal layer comprises:
forming the amorphous metal layer using a sputtering method.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein a target used in the sputtering method comprises a metal that does not comprise nitrogen.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous metal layer comprises
at least one of tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and ruthenium (Ru).
10. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming an etch target layer on a substrate;
leading the substrate into a process chamber of a sputtering device;
applying an alternating current bias and direct current power to the process chamber;
generating plasma by supplying an inert gas and a nitrogen gas to the process chamber;
forming an amorphous metal layer on the etch target layer, the amorphous metal layer comprising nitrogen, wherein defects are generated during the forming of the amorphous metal layer;
discharging the substrate out of the process chamber;
forming an amorphous metal hardmask by patterning the amorphous metal layer; and
etching the etch target layer by using the amorphous metal hardmask as an etching mask.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the amorphous metal layer comprises nitrogen between about 15 atomic percentage (at %) and about 25 at %.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein forming the amorphous metal layer comprises:
applying the alternating current bias of about 150 W to about 400 W and the direct current power of about 2 kW to about 5 kW to the process chamber;
wherein generating the defects comprises performing an ion bombardment of the amorphous metal layer to prevent crystallization of a metal layer within the process chamber.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the amorphous metal layer comprises tungsten.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the amorphous metal layer does not include a covalent bond between the tungsten and nitrogen.
15. A method of manufacturing a metal hardmask, comprising:
forming an amorphous metal layer comprising nitrogen between 14 atomic percentage (at %) and 25 at %, wherein defects are formed during the forming of the amorphous metal layer to prevent crystallization of a metal layer;
forming a photoresist pattern on the amorphous metal layer;
forming an amorphous metal hardmask comprising a plurality of hole patterns, wherein forming the amorphous metal hardmask comprises etching the amorphous metal layer by using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask; and
removing the photoresist pattern.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the amorphous metal layer comprises:
applying an alternating current bias of about 150 W to about 400 W to a process chamber in which the amorphous metal layer is formed, and
applying direct current power of about 2 kW to about 5 kW to the process chamber.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein forming the amorphous metal layer comprises forming the amorphous metal layer using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein a target used in the PVD method comprises tungsten without nitrogen.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein
the plurality of hole patterns penetrate through the amorphous metal hardmask, and
at least some hole patterns from among the plurality of hole patterns are arranged at regular intervals to have substantially uniform pitches.