Methods of inhibiting the virulence of a pathogen with an oxidized tannin to treat a gastrointestinal spasm
Methods of inhibiting the virulence of a pathogen to treat a gastrointestinal spasm in a subject, without killing the pathogen, are provided. The methods can include administering an effective amount of a formulation to treat the gastrointestinal spasm, the formulation having a tannin combined with a hydroxyl radical in a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient as a binding pair, the tannin releasing in an oxidized state from the hydrogen donor after oral administration of the formulation in the subject; wherein, the composition at least inhibits a gastrointestinal spasm in the subject when compared to a second subject in a control group in which the composition was not administered.
1. A method of inhibiting the virulence of a pathogen in a subject to treat a gastrointestinal spasm, the method comprising:
orally administering an effective amount of a formulation to treat a gastrointestinal spasm in the subject, the formulation having a binding pair in a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; wherein, the binding pair is created by a process comprising:
selecting a water soluble tannin having a molecular weight ranging from about 170 Daltons to about 4000 Daltons; and,
oxidizing the tannin with a hydroxyl radical, the oxidizing including combining the tannin with the hydroxyl radical at a weight ratio ranging from about 1:1000 to about 10:1 to oxidize the tannin and form the binding pair having the oxidized tannin releasably bound to the hydroxyl radical;
wherein,
the formulation inhibits the virulence of a pathogen;
the gastrointestinal spasm is a symptom of a condition selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, stress, malnutrition, necrotic enteritis, drug side-effects, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and gastroesophageal reflux disease; and,
the formulation at least inhibits the gastrointestinal spasm when compared to a second subject in a control group in which the formulation was not administered.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a hydrolysable tannin.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a water soluble condensed tannin.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a flavanol.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a catechin.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is gallic acid, epigallic acid, or a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a gallotannin.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is an ellagitannin.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a punicalagin.
10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the hydrolysable tannin is a product of a water extraction of Chinese gall.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tannin is a hydrolysable tannin having from 3-12 galloyl residues.
12. A method of inhibiting the virulence of a pathogen in a subject to treat a gastrointestinal spasm, the method comprising:
administering an effective amount of a formulation to treat a gastrointestinal spasm in the subject, the formulation having a water soluble tannin combined with a hydroxyl radical to create a binding pair prior to the administering; wherein, the binding pair is created by a process comprising:
selecting a water-soluble tannin having a molecular weight ranging from about 170 Daltons to about 4000 Daltons;
oxidizing the tannin with a hydroxyl radical, the oxidizing including combining the tannin with the hydroxyl radical at a weight ratio ranging from about 1:1000 to about 10:1 to form the binding pair having the oxidized tannin releasably bound to the hydroxyl radical;
wherein,
the formulation at least inhibits the virulence of a pathogen;
the gastrointestinal spasm is a symptom of a condition selected from the group consisting of inflammatory bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, stress, malnutrition, necrotic enteritis, drug side-effects, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and gastroesophageal reflux disease; and,
the formulation at least inhibits the gastrointestinal spasm when compared to a second subject in a control group in which the formulation was not administered.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a water soluble condensed tannin.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a flavanol.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a catechin.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is gallic acid, epigallic acid, or a combination thereof.
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a gallotannin.
18. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is an ellagitannin.
19. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a punicalagin.
20. The method of claim 12 , including
using a hydroxide radical concentration ranging from about 0.001% to about 2.0% based on total dry weight of the composition;
drying the binding pair under a vacuum; and,
storing the dried binding pair for use in creating the formulation to treat irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, stress, malnutrition, necrotic enteritis, drug side-effects, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or gastroesophageal reflux disease.
21. The method of claim 12 , wherein the tannin is a hydrolysable tannin.