Process for producing alkali taurinate
There is disclosed a process for producing alkali taurinate by the ammonolysis of alkali ditaurinate, alkali tritaurinate, or a solution of alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate in the presence of one or more catalysts. The ammonolysis reaction is catalyzed by alkali salts of hydroxide, sulfate, sulfite, phosphate, or carbonate.
1. A process for producing alkali taurinate from alkali isethionate in molar yield of at least 80% on the basis of alkali isethionate, comprising:
(a) mixing a solution comprised of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate or their mixture with alkali isethionate in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the ratio of alkali ditaurinate or alkali tritaurinate or their mixture is from 0.1 to 1.0 by weight on the basis of alkali isethionate, and wherein the catalyst is an alkali hydroxide and the amount of the alkali hydroxide is from 0.1 to 1.0 in molar ratio on the basis of alkali isethionate;
(b) adding excess ammonia to the solution of step (a);
(c) subjecting the solution of step (b) to an ammonolysis; and
(d) removing excess ammonia from the solution of step (c) to obtain a solution comprising alkali taurinate.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein a process for producing taurine further comprises the steps of:
(e) neutralizing the solution comprised of alkali taurinate with an acid to form a solution containing a crystalline suspension of taurine, wherein the solution has a pH of 5-9; and
(f) separating the taurine from the solution to yield a mother liquor.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the mother liquor obtained from step (f) is mixed with alkali isethionate to form a solution comprised of alkali isethionate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate that is then recycled into the process, which comprises:
(a) adding an alkali hydroxide to an aqueous solution comprising alkali isethionate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate, wherein the molar amount of alkali hydroxide in the solution is at least equal to the molar amount of total taurinates comprising alkali ditaurinate and alkali tritaurinate;
(b) adding excess ammonia to the aqueous solution comprised of alkali isethionate, dialkali ditaurinate, and trialkali tritaurinate;
(c) subjecting the solution comprised of alkali isethionate, dialkali ditaurinate, and trialkali tritaurinate to an ammonolysis reaction; and
(d) removing excess ammonia from the solution to obtain a solution comprising alkali taurinate.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the alkali ditaurinate and the alkali tritaurinate to the alkali isethionate is between 0.2 and 1.0.
5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrobromic, hydrochloric, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, or phosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
6. The process of claim 2 , wherein the acid is sulfuric acid.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkali is lithium, sodium, potassium, or a mixture thereof.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution comprised of alkali isethionate, alkali ditaurinate, and alkali tritaurinate is the mother liquor after taurine separation.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the alkali is sodium.