Antimicrobial glass compositions, glasses and polymeric articles incorporating the same
Embodiments of the present invention pertain to antimicrobial glass compositions, glasses and articles. The articles include a glass, which may include a glass phase and a cuprite phase. In other embodiments, the glasses include as plurality of Cu 1+ ions, a degradable phase including B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and K 2 O and a durable phase including SiO 2 . Other embodiments include glasses having a plurality of Cu 1+ ions disposed on the surface of the glass and in the glass network and/or the glass matrix. The article may also include a polymer. The glasses and articles disclosed herein exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of at least one of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing conditions and under Modified JIS Z 2801 for Bacteria testing conditions. In some embodiments, the glass and articles exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus under Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses testing conditions.
1. An architectural wall comprising: a carrier; and a glass comprising, in mole percent, SiO 2 in the range from about 40 to about 70, at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , alkaline earth oxides, and R 2 O, and a plurality of Cu 1+ ions,
wherein a portion of the plurality of Cu 1+ ions leach from the glass when the glass is exposed to or in contact with a leachate,
wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs, and
wherein the glass is provided as particulates or as fibers.
2. The architectural wall of claim 1 , wherein the carrier comprises an inorganic material, a binder or a solvent.
3. The architectural wall of claim 2 , wherein the inorganic material carrier comprises talc, clay, mica, cement or mud.
4. The architectural wall of claim 1 , wherein the leachate is an acid, water, or humidity.
5. The architectural coating wall of claim 1 , further exhibiting resistance against bacterial contamination by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes as evidenced by no bacterial recovery under ASTM D2574 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms.
6. The architectural wall of claim 1 , further exhibiting resistance to fungi as evidenced by no observed growth every seven-days and after a twenty-eight day period under ASTM D5590 Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings for Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four Week Agar Plate Assay.
7. The architectural wall of claim 1 , further exhibiting resistance to algae as evidenced by no observed growth every seven-days and after a twenty-one day period under ASTM D5589, Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Algal Defacement.
8. The architectural wall of claim 1 , further exhibiting any one or more of
a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer testing conditions,
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions or a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Bacteria, and
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus under a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses.
9. The architectural wall of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of Cu 1+ ions are provided in the glass as a copper-containing oxide.
10. The architectural wall of claim 9 , wherein the copper-containing oxide comprises Cu 2 O.
11. The architectural wall of claim 1 , wherein the glass further comprises Al 2 O 3 in an amount of about 5 mole percent or less.
12. The architectural wall of claim 1 , wherein the glass comprises an irregular shape.
13. An architectural wall comprising: an inorganic material carrier; and a glass, wherein the glass comprises a degradable phase and a durable phase, wherein the degradable phase comprises a plurality of Cu 1+ ions and at least one of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and R 2 O, and wherein the durable phase comprises SiO 2 ,
wherein R is any one or more of K, Na, Li, Rb and Cs, and
wherein the glass is provided as particulates or as fibers.
14. The architectural wall of claim 13 , further exhibiting resistance against bacterial contamination by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes as evidenced by no bacterial recovery under ASTM D2574, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container to Attack by Microorganisms.
15. The architectural wall of claim 13 , further exhibiting resistance to fungi as evidenced by no observed growth every seven-days and after a twenty-eight day period under ASTM D5590, Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings for Fungal Defacement by Accelerated Four Week Agar Plate Assay.
16. The architectural wall of claim 13 , further exhibiting resistance to algae as evidenced by no observed growth every seven-days and after a twenty-one day period under ASTM D5589, Standard Test Method for Determining the Resistance of Paint Films and Related Coatings to Algal Defacement.
17. The architectural wall of claim 13 , further exhibiting any one or more of
a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer testing conditions,
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of any one or more of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , and E. coli , under the JIS Z 2801 (2000) testing conditions or a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Bacteria, and
a 4 log reduction or greater in a concentration of Murine Norovirus, under a Modified JIS Z 2801 Test for Viruses.
18. The architectural wall of claim 13 , wherein the glass comprises, in mole percent:
SiO 2 in the range from about 40 to about 70,
Al 2 O 3 in the range from about 0 to about 20,
a copper-containing oxide in the range from about 10 to about 50,
CaO in the range from about 0 to about 15,
MgO in the range from about 0 to about 15,
P 2 O 5 in the range from about 0 to about 25,
B 2 O 3 in the range from about 0 to about 25, and
R 2 O in the range from about 0 to about 20.
19. The architectural wall of claim 13 , wherein the inorganic material carrier comprises talc, clay, mica, cement or mud.
20. The architectural wall of claim 13 , wherein the glass is dispersed in the carrier.