Nutritional compositions and infant formula for promoting de novo myealination
A synthetic nutritional composition comprising a mineral for use to promote, support or optimise de novo myelination, in particular the de novo myelination trajectory, and/or brain structure, and/or brain connectivity, and/or intellectual potential and/or cognitive potential and/or learning potential and/or cognitive functioning in a subject, in particular a formula fed subject.
1. A method for promoting, supporting or optimizing de novo myelination, the method comprising administering to a formula fed infant having a suboptimal de novo myelination trajectory a synthetic nutritional composition comprising 5 mg to 40 mg iron per 100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition, a distance between equivalent and/or same measurement points on the formula fed infant's trajectory and the trajectory achieved in an exclusively breastfed subject during the first 3 months of life is higher than 50%, wherein the synthetic nutritional composition is an infant formula.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition further comprises an effective amount of a mineral selected from the group consisting of zinc, copper, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and mixtures thereof.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition further comprises at least one mineral selected from the group consisting of
zinc in an amount greater than 0.08 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
calcium in an amount greater than 0.8 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
phosphorus in an amount greater than 1.7 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
copper in an amount greater than 10 mcg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition, and
magnesium in an amount greater than 0.2 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition further comprises one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of a vitamin, choline, a phospholipid, and a fatty acid derivative, wherein the fatty acid derivative is a compound comprising a fatty acid other than a phospholipid.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the vitamin is vitamin B12 and/or folic acid; wherein the fatty acid derivative is selected from the group consisting of docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, nervonic acid, stearic acid, and mixtures thereof; and wherein the phospholipid is a compound of formula (I) or a mixture of compounds of formula (1)
wherein
R 1 is O;
X is NH or O;
R 2 is a C2-C44 saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched acyl group;
R 3 is a substituent of formula (II) or formula (III):
wherein R 5 is a C2-C44 saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched acyl group and
R 6 is a C2-C44 saturated alkyl or alkenyl group; and
R 4 is selected from; a C5 or C6 substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl or alkenyl group, or,
—(CH2)n-R 7 , wherein n is an integer ranging from 1 to 4 and R 7 is —N(CH3) 3 +, NH3+, or a substituent of formula (IV) and,
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the fatty acid derivative is selected from the group consisting of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid, and the phospholipid is selected from the group consisting of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositole, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin, and mixtures thereof.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition further comprises at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of
(1) folic acid in an amount greater than 100 mcg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
(2) vitamin B12 in an amount greater than 5 mcg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
(3) sphingomyelin in an amount greater than 300 mg/kg dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition,
(4) a fatty acid derivative comprising DHA in an amount of 60 to 350 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition, and
(5) a fatty acid derivative comprising arachidonic acid in an amount of 60 to 350 mg/100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein cognitive function of the formula fed infant is optimised if the formula fed infant's scores in a standardized neurodevelopmental test are less than one standard deviation different from that of the exclusively breastfed subject of a well-nourished mother.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition comprises folic acid, vitamin B12, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and sphingomyelin.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition comprises 9 mg to 15 mg iron per 100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition comprises 9 mg to 20 mg iron per 100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic nutritional composition comprises 5 mg to 15 mg iron per 100 g dry weight of the synthetic nutritional composition.