Methods of forming nano-catalyst material for fabrication of anchored nanostructure materials
Methods of producing a nano-catalyst material including forming a plurality of nano-scale features on a surface of a substrate material. The nano-catalyst material may be used for forming anchored nanostructure materials by heating the nano-catalyst material under a protective atmosphere to a temperature ranging from about 450° C. to about 1500° C. and exposing the heated nano-catalyst to an organic vapor to affix a separate nanostructure to each of the plurality of nano-scale features. The nano-scale features may be formed on the surface of the substrate material by mechanical or thermal processes.
1. A method of producing an anchored nanostructure material for fabricating composite materials, the method consisting of:
providing a substrate material having a surface, the substrate material is selected from a group consisting of Sc, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co, Ti, V, Mn, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Ru, Rh, Pd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, Pt, Au, Ce, Th, and U containing metals, alloys, and intermetallics;
applying mechanical work to the surface of the substrate material to mechanically deform the surface into a plurality of catalytic nano-scale features on the surface of the substrate material to form nano-catalyst material;
heating the nano-catalyst material under a protective atmosphere to a temperature ranging from about 450° C. to about 1500° C.; and
exposing the heated nano-catalyst material to an organic vapor to affix nanostructures to the plurality of catalytic nano-scale features to form the anchored nanostructure material.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate material includes a plurality of metal powder particles selected from the groups consisting of (1) Ni and Al, (2) Co and Al, (3) Fe and Al, (4) Co and Fe, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of catalytic nano-scale features have a dimension between about 0.1 nanometer and about 50 nanometers.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of catalytic nano-scale features have a dimension between about 0.1 nanometer and about 90 nanometers.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate material includes a plurality of powder particles, each of the plurality of powder particles having a dimension between about 0.5 microns to about 60 microns.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the nanostructures affixed to the plurality of catalytic nano-scale features are carbon nanostructures.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the surface of the substrate material is mechanically deformed by at least one of ball milling, grinding, and forging the plurality of metal powder particles.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of catalytic nano-scale features have a dimension between about 0.1 nanometer and about 100 nanometers.