Optimizing a temperature profile in a thermal management system of an electric vehicle
A method for controlling battery temperature during a charge cycle includes representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually; for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate; determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes differences between simulated responses for each of the plurality of individual battery cells; and providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell.
1. A method for controlling battery temperature during a charge cycle, the method comprising:
representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually;
for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate;
determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes an amount of lithium plating that occurs during the charge cycle; and
providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell comprises one of a plurality of lithium-ion battery cells in a battery pack of an electric vehicle.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of individual battery cells comprises at least three individual battery cells.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell is divided into individual battery cells in a direction moving away from a heat/cold source.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the battery cell is divided into individual battery cells from a bottom to a top of the battery cell.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a heat source is disposed adjacent to the bottom of the battery cell.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises a calculation of an amount of lithium plating that is deposited during the charge cycle.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises current densities in the plurality of individual battery cells during the charge cycle.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises temperature changes in the plurality of individual battery cells during the charge cycle.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses comprises using a model based on mass conservation in the battery cell.
11. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually;
for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate;
determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes differences between simulated responses for each of the plurality of individual battery cells; and
providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell.
12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses comprises using a model based on charge conservation in the battery cell.
13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the one or more values indicative of a charge rate comprises an input current.
14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses during the charge cycle is further based at least in part on an input temperature profile.
15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the operations further comprise providing a plurality of input temperature profiles when calculating the one or more simulated responses.
16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the optimal input temperature profile is selected from the plurality of input temperature profiles.
17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the optimal input temperature profile is further determined by minimizing an amount of lithium plating that occurs during the charge cycle.
18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the optimal input temperature profile is determined by identifying an input temperature profile that keeps a temperature of the battery cell below a maximum threshold.
19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the temperature management system controls a heat source placed adjacent to the battery cell.
20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the operations further comprise controlling the temperature of the battery cell.