Chemical sorbent oxidation method and sorbents made therefrom
Sorbent materials are described that have enhanced performance in removing chlorine and chloramine, among other toxic compounds. The sorbent materials are formed by a process which includes steps of oxidation using an oxidizing agent, adding a nitrogen-containing compound, and calcining the sorbent.
1. A method for making a sorbent material product, the method comprising:
providing a sorbent material feedstock;
oxidizing the sorbent material feedstock with an oxidizing agent temperature of about 300° C. to about 600° C., the oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of potassium peroxymonosulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, peracetic acid, a mixture of peracetic acid and urea, and combinations thereof;
adding a nitrogen-containing precursor to the oxidized sorbent material feedstock, wherein the nitrogen-containing precursor is a reduced nitrogen compound; and
heating the oxidized sorbent material feedstock and nitrogen-containing precursor to a temperature of about 850° C. to about 1050° ° C. under an inert atmosphere to thereby form the sorbent material product,
wherein the sorbent material feedstock includes at least one of activated carbon, reactivated carbon, and combinations thereof, formed from bituminous coal, sub-bituminous coal, lignite coal, anthracite coal, or combinations thereof, and
wherein the sorbent material product has a chloramine destruction number (CDN) of at least 10.0 and a chlorine destruction number (Cl-DN) of at least about 80.0,
wherein the CDN is the absolute value of the first order linear kinetic fit, multiplied by 1000, that is applied to natural log of a concentration of chloramine in water versus time when the initial concentration of chloramine is decreased over a period of 150 minutes, and
wherein the Cl-DN is the absolute value of the first order linear kinetic fit, multiplied by 1000, that is applied to natural log of a concentration of chlorine in water versus time when the initial concentration of chlorine is decreased over a period of 150 minutes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent material product has a CDN of 10.0 to about 60.0.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Cl-DN value is about 80.0 to about 250.0.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent material product has a nitrogen edge concentration of at least about 0.20 atom %.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the sorbent material product has a nitrogen edge concentration of about 0.20 atom % to about 2.0 atom %.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing precursor has an oxidation state of −3.