Process for producing a bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, entirely from bio-based materials
The invention relates to a process for producing a bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, from at least one terephthalate compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, and at least one monoethylene glycol compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, Said process comprising the polymerization of the terephthalate compound and of the monoethylene glycol compound in the presence of at least one crystallization retarding compound, Said process being characterized in that the crystallization retarding compound is obtained from at least one bio-based material. The invention also relates to a bio-based PET polymer obtained by said process. Preferably, the process further comprises processing the bio-based PET polymer into a bio-based product such as a bio-based container or a bio-based packaging. The invention also relates to said bio-based product.
1. A process for producing a bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, from at least one terephthalate acid compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, and at least one ethylene glycol compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the process comprising:
polymerization through esterification of the terephthalate acid compound and of the ethylene glycol compound in the presence of isosorbide obtained from at least one bio-based material, the esterification is performed at a pressure of 27-55 kPa and a temperature of 150-280° Celsius.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the esterification is conducted in the presence of an additional crystallization retarding compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the additional crystallization retarding compound is selected from the group consisting of 1,3 propanediol, 1,4 butanediol, 2,3 butanediol, 1,3 pentanediol, 1,4 pentanediol, 1,5 pentanediol, 2 methyl 1,4 butanediol (2 MBDO), diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, catechol, 2,5 dihydroxymethyl tetrahydrofuran, 2,5 bis(hydroxymethyl) furan, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, muconic acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, malic acid, 2,5 furan dicarboxylic acid and p,p′ biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and combinations thereof.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the esterification is conducted in the presence of an additional crystallization retarding compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the additional crystallization retarding compound is selected from the group consisting of 1,3 pentanediol, 1,4 pentanediol, catechol, 2,5 dihydroxymethyl tetrahydrofuran, 2,5 bis(hydroxymethyl) furan, fumaric acid, muconic acid, itaconic acid, malic acid, 2,5 furan dicarboxylic acid and p,p′-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and combinations thereof.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the esterification is conducted in the presence of an additional crystallization retarding compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the additional crystallization retarding compound is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3 butanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol, 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid and p,p′-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, and combinations thereof.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the esterification is conducted in the presence of an additional crystallization retarding compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the additional crystallization retarding compound is 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the isosorbide is present in an amount from 0.05 to 7% mol with respect to the bio-based PET polymer.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based material leading to the isosorbide is selected from the group consisting of sugars, starches, corns, natural fibers, sugarcanes, beets, citrus fruits, woody plants, cellulosic-containing compounds, lignocellulosic-containing compounds, hemicellulosic-containing compounds, oily wood feedstock, polysaccharides such as pectin, chitin, levan, pullulan, and combinations thereof.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises processing the bio-based PET polymer into a product selected from the group consisting of PET granules, a PET resin, a PET fiber, a PET preform, a PET packaging, a PET container, and combinations thereof.
9. A bio-based PET polymer obtained by the process according to claim 1 .
10. A bio-based PET product obtained by the process according to claim 8 .
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the terephthalate acid compound is 25 to 75 weight percent of the bio-based polyethylene terephthalate polymer and a diol component is 20 to 50 weight percent of the bio-based polyethylene terephthalate polymer.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based PET polymer comprises at least about 0.1 dpm/gC of C-14.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based PET polymer further comprises a supplementary component selected from the group consisting of at least one coloring agent, at least one fast reheat additive, at least one gas barrier additive, at least one UV blocking additive, and a combination thereof.
14. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the bio-based material leading to the bio-based crystallization is obtained from agricultural waste.
15. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the PET container is a product selected from a bottle, a cup, and combinations thereof.
16. The process according to claim 8 , wherein PET packaging is a film.
17. The process according to claim 8 , further comprising shaping the PET packaging.
18. The process according to claim 8 , further comprising mixing the bio-based PET with recycled PET, wherein bio-based PET chips and granules are mixed with recycled PET chips and granules.
19. The process according to claim 8 , further comprising heating the bio-based PET granules in a solid-state polycondensation reaction under vacuum, in an atmosphere, wherein the atmosphere is a low oxidizing atmosphere.
20. The process according to claim 8 , further comprising processing the PET resin into a PET preform, wherein the PET preform forms at least one of the PET packaging and the PET container.