Omega 3 fatty acids and choline as neuroprotectant in patients with no dementia
A method of attenuating, treating or preventing cognitive aging in an individual who does not have dementia includes administering to the individual a therapeutically effective amount of a composition containing an omega-3 fatty acid and choline. The method can achieve a benefit that is one or more of decreasing brain atrophy, increasing or maintaining number of synapses, increasing amyloid-β phagocytosis, or decreasing or maintaining neuroinflammation in the non-demented individual. The method can prevent dementia in an individual at risk thereof, for example an elderly human. The composition can be administered to the individual in a daily dose that provides 5.5 mg/day to 5,500 mg/day of the choline, for example 85 mg/day to 3,500 mg/day of the choline.
1. A method of achieving a benefit selected from the group consisting of decreasing brain atrophy, increasing or maintaining number of synapses, and combinations thereof, in a non-demented individual in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the non-demented individual a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising an omega-3 fatty acid, choline, and a B vitamin, the composition is administered to the individual in a daily dose that provides 85 mg of choline per day, 770 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day, 770 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) per day, and 0.03 mg to 0.05 mg of Vitamin B12 per day, the non-demented individual is an older adult and has an erythrocyte omega 3 index<4.8% at baseline.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the B vitamin further comprises an additional B vitamin selected from the group consisting of Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B7, Vitamin B9, and mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method achieves the benefit of increasing or maintaining number of synapses.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the choline comprises a choline bitartrate.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition does not contain a nitric oxide releasing compound.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, selenium, and mixtures thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-demented individual has a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5 at baseline.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-demented individual has a plasma homocysteine level at baseline of at least 12 μmol/L.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-demented individual has a risk score in Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) of 10 to 15 at baseline.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-demented individual is an elderly human.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the choline is provided by an ingredient of the composition selected from the group consisting of choline chloride, choline bitartrate, citicoline, L-alpha-glycerophosphocholine, lecithin, phosphatidylcholine, and mixtures thereof.