Prevention of psychotic disorders and/or treatment of psychotic symptoms
The present invention relates to methods of preventing a psychotic disorder in a subject in need of intervention including administering to the subject a composition including EPA (eicosapentanoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Methods of treating pre-psychotic symptoms in a subject, including administering to the subject a composition including EPA and DHA are also included.
1. A method of increasing functioning and/or treating pre-psychotic symptoms in a subject that meets the ultra high risk (UHR) criteria for developing a psychotic disorder including:
(a) assessing the subject for risk of developing a psychotic disorder;
(b) identifying the subject as having pre-psychotic symptoms and/or decreased functioning;
(c) administering to the subject a composition including eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for one or more intervention periods; and
(d) assessing the functioning and/or pre-psychotic symptoms of the subject after six months and/or after 12 months from commencing an intervention period;
wherein each intervention period is 3 to 6 months; and
wherein the subject's functioning remains increased and/or the subject's pre-psychotic symptoms remain reduced or non-progressed 9 months after an intervention period is ceased.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the subject is assessed as having pre-psychotic symptoms and decreased functioning and the administration treats the pre-psychotic symptoms and increases the subject's functioning.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the functioning of the subject is further assessed as increased and/or the pre-psychotic symptoms of the subject are further assessed as reduced or non-progressed after (i) six months and after 12 months from commencing an intervention period; and/or (ii) 9 months after the end of an intervention period.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the subject's pre-psychotic symptoms are assessed as reduced and the subject's functioning is assessed as increased after six and/or 12 months from commencing an intervention period.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the assessment is conducted in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and/or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD).
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the assessment identifies the subject as having attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, transient psychosis, and/or a generic risk of development of a psychotic disorder and a decrease in functioning.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the assessing of the subject includes assessing the functioning of the subject.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the subject functions as a level equivalent to a Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score of 60±12 prior to treatment.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the increase in functioning is equivalent to an increase of 17.7 in Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in erythrocytes of the subject decreases during the intervention period.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the subject's omega-6/omega-3 ratio in erythrocytes post-treatment has decreased by 2 from their pre-treatment level.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, adjuvant and/or excipient.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered orally.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the subject is further administered an anti-depressant and/or a benzodiazepine.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the subject is between about 13 to 25 years of age.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further prevents or delays the subject's experience of a first episode of psychosis or the development of a psychotic disorder in the subject.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the psychotic disorder is schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder with psychotic features or major depression with psychotic features.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises EPA and DHA in a concentration of more than 50% by weight of total fatty acids and the total quantity dose of EPA and DHA administered per day is about 1.2 g.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the intervention period is 6 months.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is the only composition administered to improve functioning of the subject and/or treat the subject's pre-psychotic symptoms.