Semiconductor devices and methods of making the same
An exemplary method of making a semiconductor device includes providing a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type, providing a first hard mask on a surface of the semiconductor layer, patterning the first hard mask to obtain a patterned first hard mask to obtain an exposed surface of the semiconductor layer, forming a body region in the semiconductor layer by using the patterned first hard mask as mask, the body region being of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type, providing a second hard mask on the patterned first hard mask and the exposed surface of the semiconductor layer, patterning the second hard mask to obtain a patterned second hard mask, and forming a contact region and a sinker region by using the patterned first hard mask and the patterned second hard mask as mask.
1. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type;
providing a first hard mask on a surface of the semiconductor layer;
patterning the first hard mask to obtain a patterned first hard mask such that a portion of the surface is exposed to obtain an exposed surface of the semiconductor layer;
forming a body region in the semiconductor layer by using the patterned first hard mask as mask, the body region being of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type;
providing a second hard mask on the patterned first hard mask and the exposed surface of the semiconductor layer;
patterning the second hard mask to obtain a patterned second hard mask; and
forming a contact region and a sinker region by using the patterned first hard mask and the patterned second hard mask as mask, the contact region and the sinker region being of the second conductivity type.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the first hard mask comprises depositing plasma-enhanced tetraethylorthosilicate on the surface of the semiconductor layer, and wherein providing the second hard mask comprises depositing a conformal dielectric film on the patterned first hard mask and the exposed surface.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the contact region and the sinker region comprises conducting ion implantation by using the patterned first hard mask and the patterned second hard mask as mask.
4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:
adjusting relative position between the contact region and the sinker region by adjusting energy of the ion implantation, or thickness of the second hard mask, or both; and
adjusting junction depth of the contact region and the sinker region by adjusting energy of the ion implantation, or thickness of the second hard mask, or both.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
forming a source region of the first conductivity type by using the patterned first hard mask and the patterned second hard mask as mask.
6. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a substrate of a first conductivity type;
providing a first epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type on the substrate, the first epitaxial layer having lower doping concentration than doping concentration of the substrate;
providing a second epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type on the first epitaxial layer, the second epitaxial layer having lower doping concentration than the doping concentration of the first epitaxial layer;
forming a first oxide layer on the second epitaxial layer as a first hard mask;
patterning the first hard mask to obtain a patterned first hard mask;
forming a body region of a second conductivity type by conducting a first ion implantation using the patterned first hard mask as mask, the body region extending from a surface of the second epitaxial layer towards the first epitaxial layer;
forming a second oxide layer on the patterned first hard mask and a surface of the body region;
patterning the second hard mask to obtain a patterned second hard mask; and
forming a contact region and a sinker region by conducting a second ion implantation using the patterned first hard mask and the patterned second hard mask as mask, the contact region and the sinker region being of the second conductivity type and having a higher doping concentration than a doping concentration of the body region.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
adjusting energy of the second ion implantation such that the contact region and the sinker region are physically disconnected.
8. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
adjusting thickness of the second hard mask such that the contact region and the sinker region are physically disconnected.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein forming the first oxide layer comprises depositing plasma-enhanced tetraethylorthosilicate on the second epitaxial layer.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein conducting the first ion implantation comprises conducting three to six ion implantation steps with energy ranging from 50 keV to 950 keV at a temperature ranging from 400° C. to 600° C.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein forming the second oxide layer comprises depositing a conformal dielectric film on the patterned first hard mask and the surface of the body region, the conformal dielectric film having a thickness ranging from 0.6 micrometer (μm) to 1.2 μm.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the conformal dielectric film comprises at least one of silane-based oxide and tetraethylorthosilicate-based oxide.
13. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second hard mask covers sidewall of the patterned first hard mask and has a sidewall thickness, and wherein patterning the second hard mask comprises adjusting a channel length of the semiconductor device by adjusting the sidewall thickness of the second hard mask.
14. A method of making a semiconductor device, comprising:
providing a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type including a substrate;
forming a body region in the semiconductor layer and extending from a surface of the semiconductor layer towards the substrate, the body region being of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type;
forming a contact region of the second conductivity type in the body region and extending from the surface of the semiconductor layer towards the substrate;
forming at least one sinker region of the second conductivity type embedded in the semiconductor layer, the contact region and the at least one sinker region being formed by ion implantation with a same mask and having higher doping concentration than doping concentration of the body region, wherein the at least one sinker region is physically separated from the contact region; and
forming two source regions of the first conductivity type extending from the surface of the semiconductor layer towards the substrate and disposed in the body region such that the contact region is placed between the two source regions and contacts the two source regions.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the semiconductor layer comprises a first epitaxial layer disposed on the substrate and a second epitaxial layer disposed on the first epitaxial layer, and wherein the body region is disposed in the second epitaxial layer.