Advanced dielectric energy storage device and method of fabrication
A Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC), a dielectric energy storage device and methods of fabrication therefor are provided. A DEUC element is fabricated using print technologies that deposit dielectric energy storage layers ( 406 ) and insulating layers ( 404 ) together being interleaved between electrode layers ( 403 ). The dielectric energy storage layers are created from a proprietary solution to enable printing of dielectric energy storage layers with high permittivity and a high internal resistivity to retain charge. The insulating layers ( 404 ) can be applied within the dielectric energy storage layers ( 406 ) bifurcating the dielectric energy storage layers for increased resistivity. As part of the fabrication process, the material deposition printer can apply multiple print heads each with different inks and materials ( 1301, 1302 ) to form composite material ( 1303 ) in the printed layers.
1. A Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device comprised of one or more DEUC Elements, where each of the DEUC Elements comprises:
a. a dielectric energy storage layer including solidified CCTO—X material which is comprised of modified calcium, copper, titanate, oxide (CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 2 ) nano-particles in a compound mixture including variations in the amounts of any member of the group of copper, calcium, or titanate, resulting in an internal barrier layer capacitor material;
b. where the internal barrier layer capacitor material is combined with one or more oxide materials comprising at least one of alumina, Al 2 O 3 , calcium oxide, zinc, silver, aluminum, strontium, boron, lanthanum, or any member of the group of materials group VIII of the periodic table; and
c. a plurality of electrode layers, where the dielectric energy storage layer is interleaved in between the plurality of electrode layers, and where the plurality of electrode layers and the dielectric energy storage layer are stacked directly over each other forming a multi-layer thin film including a plurality of layers.
2. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , in which each layer of the dielectric energy storage layer and the plurality of electrode layers includes multiple materials that are different from each other, within the each layer providing a composite material design for the each layer.
3. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , in which the dielectric energy storage layer includes the solidified CCTO—X material as a solidified CCTO—X precursor ink formed as nano-particles in the compound mixture.
4. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 3 , wherein the solidified CCTO—X material comprises a solidified ceramic dielectric solution.
5. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 4 , wherein the solidified CCTO—X precursor ink comprises solidified inkjet-printer ink.
6. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the multi-layer thin film includes greater than or equal to 100 layers.
7. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the multi-layer thin film includes greater than or equal to 1,000 layers.
8. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the multi-layer thin film includes greater than or equal to 2,000 layers.
9. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein the compound mixture includes oxide nano-particles positioned in-between the calcium, copper, titanate, oxide CCTO nano-particles grain boundaries forming resistive layers.
10. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 9 , wherein the oxide nano-particles and insulating material separating the interleaved dielectric energy storage layer from the interleaved electrode layers create high resistivity layers between the electrode layers in the plurality of electrode layers, the high resistivity being greater than 10 4 ohms resulting in a breakdown voltage of the DEUC Element that is above 50 volts and a reduced self-discharge of less than 20% per year in the DEUC Element.
11. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage cell device of claim 1 , where the dielectric energy storage layer is encapsulated by the insulating material disposed and contacting respectively a top surface, a bottom surface, and sidewalls, of the dielectric energy storage layer thereby encapsulating the energy storage layer.
12. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , in which the dielectric energy storage layer includes the solidified CCTO—X material as a solidified CCTO—X type of cast material.
13. The Dense Energy Ultra Cell (DEUC) energy storage device of claim 1 , wherein insulating material bifurcates dielectric energy storage layer material while directly contacting and bonding to the dielectric energy storage layer material.
14. A semiconductor structure comprising a dielectric energy storage material layer where an internal barrier layer capacitor material is combined with one or more oxides forming a composite of two or more oxides, wherein the internal barrier layer capacitor material is made of calcium copper titanate oxide (CCTO) combined with aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) forming CCTO/Al 2 O 3 and combined with SiO 2 particles forming a composite of CCTO/Al 2 O 3 and CCTO/Al 2 O 3 /SiO 2 .