Catalyst and process for the production of diesel fuel from natural gas, natural gas liquids, or other gaseous feedstocks
A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stochiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 10,000 barrels of product per day, by eliminating traditional wax upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as gas to liquids production and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.
1. A process for the production of a diesel fuel blend comprising the steps of: a) reducing a supported catalyst to provide a reduced catalyst; b) using the reduced catalyst in a fixed bed reactor; c) reacting a feed gas that contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide with the reduced catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon product stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product stream comprises light gases, diesel fuel and a wax; d) condensing the diesel fuel and wax, wherein the diesel fuel comprises more than ⅔ of the diesel fuel and wax together, and wherein a majority of hydrocarbons in the diesel fuel are C8-C24 hydrocarbons; and, e) blending the diesel fuel, without refining the diesel fuel, with a petroleum derived fuel, thereby producing a diesel fuel blend.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is reduced with hydrogen at temperatures below 650 F.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the supported catalyst comprises a lobed support with more than four lobes and an effective pellet radius of less than 600 microns.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst has a pore diameter greater than 80 angstroms, an effective pellet radius of less than 500 microns, a crush strength of greater than 3 lbs/mm, and a BET surface area of greater than 110 m 2 /g.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein hydrocarbons contained in the wax consist of no greater than 0.5 wt. % of each carbon number greater than 3.5.
6. A process for the production of a hydrocarbon mixture comprising the steps of: a) reducing a supported catalyst to provide a reduced catalyst; b) using the reduced catalyst in a fixed bed reactor; c) converting CO2 into syngas and reacting the syngas with the reduced catalyst to produce a hydrocarbon product stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product stream comprises light gases, diesel fuel and a wax; d) condensing the diesel fuel and wax, wherein the diesel fuel comprises more than ⅔ of the diesel fuel and wax together, and wherein a majority of hydrocarbons in the diesel fuel are C8-C24 hydrocarbons, thereby producing a hydrocarbon mixture, wherein the hydrocarbon mixture is not refined before use.
7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the catalyst is reduced with hydrogen at temperatures below 650 F.
8. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the supported catalyst comprises a lobed support with more than four lobes and an effective pellet radius of less than 600 microns.
9. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the catalyst has a pore diameter greater than 80 angstroms, an effective pellet radius of less than 500 microns, a crush strength of greater than 3 lbs/mm, and a BET surface area of greater than 110 m 2 /g.
10. The process according to claim 6 , wherein hydrocarbons contained in the wax consist of no greater than 0.5 wt. % of each carbon number greater than 35.