Alloys comprising chromium and second metal material
Provided in one embodiment is a method, comprising: sintering a plurality of nanocrystalline particulates to form a nanocrystalline alloy, wherein at least some of the nanocrystalline particulates may include a non-equilibrium phase comprising a first metal material and a second metal material, and the first metal material may be soluble in the second metal material. The sintered nanocrystalline alloy may comprise a bulk nanocrystalline alloy.
1. A sintered alloy, comprising:
Cr present in an amount of at least about 60 at %, and
at least one of the following elements present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc,
wherein the sintered alloy has a relative density of at least about 90%; and
wherein the sintered alloy has an average grain size of less than 1000 nm.
2. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises the Cr and the Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and/or Sc in a solid solution.
3. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Ti present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
4. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy is substantially thermodynamically stable at a temperature that is greater than or equal to about 1,000° C.
5. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy has a relative density of at least about 95%.
6. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy has a relative density of at least about 98%.
7. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Pd present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
8. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Pt present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
9. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Co present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
10. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises V present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
11. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Sc present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
12. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein the sintered alloy comprises Ni present in an amount of greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
13. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 10 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
14. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 12.5 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
15. The sintered alloy of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 15 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
16. A bulk alloy, comprising:
Cr present in an amount of at least about 60 at %, and
at least one of the following elements present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc,
wherein the bulk alloy has a relative density of at least about 90%; and
wherein the bulk alloy has an average grain size of less than 1000 nm.
17. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Pd present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
18. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Pt present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
19. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Co present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
20. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Ti present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
21. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises V present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
22. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Sc present in an amount greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
23. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy comprises Ni present in an amount of greater than or equal to 7.5 at %.
24. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 10 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
25. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 12.5 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
26. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein at least one of the following elements is present in an amount greater than or equal to 15 at %: Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Ti, V, and Sc.
27. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy has a relative density of at least about 95%.
28. The bulk alloy of claim 16 , wherein the bulk alloy has a relative density of at least about 98%.